The War of 1812: Important People and Events
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- Causes of The War of 1812
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-Great Britain & France wer taking US ships, which interfered with American trade
-Us made a deal w/Frace: Us would stop trading w/Britain if French stopped taking the US ships
-US thought the British were arming the Native Americans to attack settlers in the NorthWest Territory
-US thought Britain was still interfering with its former colonies
-US wanted to Take Canada from Britain and Florida from Spain - Northwest Territory
- The land North of the Ohio River between the organized states and the Mississippi River
- Havre De Grace
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British victory (moral defeat for americans)
-May 1813
-English troops looted town
-English troops burned homes
-Americans retreated - Havre De Grace means?
- Harbor of Beauty
- Main people involved with Havre De Grace
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-John O'Neill (American who attempted to defend the town
-Barnes - Why did the British want Havre De Grace?
- To secure the coastal cities and provide arms
- St. Michael's
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US victory
-1812 (Americans fired on ships)
-Militia & citizens placed lanterns in treess so British missed the city when firing
-Citizens chained harbor and built forts - Main people involved with St. Michael's
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-citizens of the town
-General Perry Benson (leader of MD Militia)
-Maryland Militia - Why the People of St. Michael's did what they did
- To confuse the British troops and save the town
- Mary Pickersgill
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-Born 1776
-Mother was flagmaker like her
-Widowed and lost 3 kids
-Made largers battle flag in 1813
-Flag inspired writing of the National Anthem
-Was President of Impartial Humane Female Society (charity for widows) - Why, when, and where Mary Pickersgill made the flag?
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-Joshua Barney asked her to
-Baltimore
-1813
-Flag flew during The Battle of Baltimore - Joshua Barney
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-Navy leader
-Chesapeake Bay, MD
-During War of 1812, commanded many ships and helped save MD
-Defended the US and saved MD - Washington D.C
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British victory (moral defeat for Americans)
-August 22,1814
-In Pickpoint & Washington
-British entered bay and Bladensburg
-MD militia retreated (named Bladensburg races)
-Barney was captured
-Redcoats marched to Wash. and burned buildings and White House - Major people involved with Washington D.C.
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Joshua Barney
Armstrong - Why British wanted Washington D.C?
- To destroy the capital and capture another coastal city
- Baltimore
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-Hot summer (9/12) 1814
-Ft. McHenry, North Point, Harbor
-British 3000 trooops attack city and fail
-americans block troops and protect city - Main people of the Burning of Baltimore
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-Stricker
-12000 Baltimore troops - Why British attacked Baltimore
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-Inflict a final moral defeat
-End the war
-Capture the harbor & goods
-Pirate's Nest - Dolley Madison
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British victory (Battle of Wash) but US Moral victory (many important documents saved)
-Married to President Madison
-August 1814
-Collected and saved historical documents, Cabinet papers & Washington's portraits
-Travelled through several states while trying to stay safe from British - Why Dolley Madison did what she did
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-Promised husband that she'd save papers
-Feared for her husband's life and safety of the country