Communication Systems

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-Network Interface Card 2. Servers 3. Routers And Switches 4. Bridges And Gateways5. Hubs 6. Transmission Media. These all r needed in order to successfully construct a network: What are the network hardwares?
Each device in a network: Node
Electronic Funds Transfer At Point Of Sale [ hein. pg85]: EFTPOS
Allows multiple usrs to use the same transmisson line by interspersing[ to scatter here and there or place at intervals among other things] the data packets from diff. users.: Purpose of packet switching
hein 94: HUb
1. Protocol 2. Handshaking 3. Speed Of Transmission + 4. Error Checking: What factors do good commun. depend on?
1. Parity Checking 2. Checksum 3. Cyclic Redundancy Check: What are the common methods for error detection?
Packet Switching: What is the data transfer on the internet based on?
These can be changed by the user tyo ensure a connection between 2 devices. Settings are often 'parameter': Communication Settings
When a terminal has both memory and processing capabilities: Intelligent terminal
to ensure that the bits being tranmitted have actually arrived successfully: What is the purpose of the 'additional bit' in parity checking.
are devices[could be comp] that send data to and receive data from another computer system.: Terminals
mainframe computer in a WANs: Host
Max. number of data symbols/signals transmitted in 1 sec.: Baud rate
By dividing the total data into smaller groups.: How is the data packet in checksum method created.
- Twisted Pair - Coaxial Cable - Fibre Optic Cable [ Hein.pg95]: What are the cables involved in wire transmission?
Data is transmitted bet. devices in 2 ways: Serial Transmission and Parallel transmission[ Heinmenn pg 87]: How is data tranferred bet. devices ?Parallel ; Serial; Asynchronous; Synchronous
The capacity is called bandwidth and is measured in bits per sec.: How is the capacity of the transmission device measured?
1. Data Source 2. Transmitter 3. Transmitter Medium 4. Receiver 5. Destination: Components of communication system
Used in LAN to connect network segments. Repeaters are less intelligent than a bridge and gateways: Where is the network repeater used?
page 81 Heinemenn: Telephone [ Messaging system]
Network Interface card - Servers - Routers and switches - Gateways and bridges -Hubs -Transmission Media: What do network Hardware consists of?
A series of signals that flow between devices during data transmission: What does handshaking involve?
The actual linkage between networks is achieved using devices such as those. hein.pg93-4: Bridges and Gateways
Via transmitting device + bandwidth: How is the Speed of transmission determined?
Teleconferencing, messaging systems and electronic commerce: What are the 3 examples of communication systems?
Most personal comp r classified as intelligent terminals and are called workstations on a network: Workstations
1. Bits per second 2. Baud Rate: How is the speed of data transmission measured?
1.Traditional systems [ Telephone,fax] 2. Voice Mail 3. Electronic Mail: What are the types of messaging systems?
-Simplex Mode - Half duplex mode - Full Duplex mode [ Hein. pg 88]: What are the direction of data flow?
It needs networks to be linked to other networks, paths to be established between the networks and signal strength to be boosted.: What is needed in order for data to travel between networks?
by a network administrator: How is the network software organised?
refers to communication, such as audio conference or a video conference, that goes beyond the normal telephone call between two people: What does teleconferencing refer to?
Hein. pg98: Intranets + extranets
Baud rate transmits data symbols in sec. A data symbol may contain more then one bit.: Why are ' baud rate' + ' bps' dissimilar?
An agreement made about which protocol to use in order for exchange of info to occur: Handshaking
Uses an additional bit called a 'parity bit' to check for errors. This depends on the type of parity [even/odd] chosen and selection of the end bits is chosen accord.see pg 78: Identify 'Parity Checking' + Desc.
Max. number of bits that can be transmitted in 1 sec. Includes special bits used in asynchronous transmission + any error checking bits. BPS also called ' bit rate': 'Bits per second'
hein og 90]: Wide Area networks [WANs]
Removes the interpersonal relationship achieved through a facetoface meeting. this is disad. bqz physical contact and informal discussions are often needed to clarify ideas and develop partnerships: Disadvantage of teleconferencing
hein.pg 88: Prtcl + handshaking [comm. concept]
Hein.pg90: Local Area Networks [LANS]
hein.pg 95: What do wireless transmission invlve?
A network cable and have connectors on the card for different types of cables.: What does most NICs require
Physical arrangment of the devces in a network. see hein.pg 91 for diagram: Network Topology
Used to send messages to people in diff. locations who may receive the message at later time.: Messaging systems
Refers to the transfer of data and info. It is carried put using numerous commun. concepts and completed by netwrok hardware and software: What does 'transmitting and receiving' refer to?
24 hour availability , global reach, the ability to interact and prvde costumer info. and a multimedia env.: What does E-Commerce provide?
It is required by each comp. which is connected to a network.: Network Interface Card
Transfers data through wires and cables. These cables must be protected from damage , they take up space and they can be difficult to install.: Wire transmission
Decodes the signal back into the origina; data: Reciever
When two comp. handshake successfully. indicate da type of protocol: When is a connection between two computers made?
defines how info. is transmitted and how errors are detected: How 'protocol' works?
enables people to send and recieve data and info.: What do communication systems do?
A meeting that allows people in different locations to see video image of each other on a screen, as well as hear speech.: Video Conference
Carry large amount of data with little interference from other signals.: Adv of wire transmission
pg 82, heinemenn: Electronic mail
pg 81 , Heinemenn: Fax
1. bits per sec. 2. Data bits. 3. Parity 4. Stop,Start bits 5. Flow Control [ see pg79 4 diagram+desc]: What are some common paremeters that are used to connect 2 computers?
A computer that prvdes services to other computers on the network.: Servers
Otherwise, data transfer may be unsuccessful: Why 2 computers must use the same protocol?
hein.og 93: What are the different types of servers?
Reciever of the Information: Destination
it is a technique that divides messages into small data packets, transmits the packets and later joins the packets to form original message.: What is 'packet switching'
It check for errors by adding the number of bits in a data packet.The sum of the data bits in a data packet is attached to the data packet. If the same answer is produced within the reci. device then there is no error: 'Checksum'
To indicate the type of protocol to be used: Why handshaking process sends signals?
Baseband [ntwrks use the entire capacity of the cable to trnsmit only 1 signa; at a time. Most LANs are baseband.] Broadband - networks divide the cable so that the several sgnals cn be trnmtted at the same time.: What are the two types of transmission?
Fibre-optic cable- when cable television is transmitted thru fibre-optic cable, many diff. channels cn be tranmistted at the same time.: Give an example of a high ranged bandwidth .
Is the buying and selling of goods and services via the internet: Electronic Commerce
Error first must be detected and then corrected: So how could error in data transmission be solved?
Telephone,radio and television: Examples of communication Systems
Packet Switching: What does most data which is sent over network uses?
encodes the data into a signal suitable for a transmission medium: Transmitter
This is when a computer is connecteddirectly to another computer, using a cable.: Simplest form of a network
-Transmission of data - Protocols + Handshaking - Networks-Network Topologies - Network Access methods -: What does communication concept include?
-Network operating systems. -Network operating system tasks - Logon and logoff procedures: What do Network Softwares consist of?
any variable being given a constant value for a part. application.: 'parameter'
Channel, such as cable in which the signals are transmitted to destination.: Transmission Medium
Offers higher transmission spee.d + more accurate transfer of data than those available through the public switched telephone network.[PSTN]. PSTN links are rel. cheap if computers do not require constant connection.Howver, PSTN links are not guaranteed and can be interrupted: Private Leased line
Completes network admin. responsibilities.heinpg96: Network operating systems
1. Errors in encoding and decoding data. 2. Interference with signals: What causes errors when data arrives at its destination?
hein.pg 96: Responsibiltiies of network administrator?
Accurate, reliable, and secure transmission mediums: What are 'good' communication systems?
computer products, books, gardening products, music, or office supplies.: What does the most popular e-commerce site sell ?
-Stimulates face to face meeting + reduces costs. Money is saved by not buying airfares,hotel rooms and meals. Saves time and energy invlved in travelling to attend facetoface meeting. Used in business and distance education.: Advantages of teleconferencing
Uses a division process to check errors. First of all the data is divided into predetermined lengths + divided by a fixed divisor. Then the remainder of the calc. is attached and sent with data. When data recieved then remainder is recalculated.: Cyclic Redundancy Check
Hein pg85]: Electronic Banking
Only handshaking makes it possible: How is data successfully transferred between devices?
Devices used to determine paths between networks.pg 93.Hein.: Router and switches
Individual comp. log onto the server, which gives them access to files, applic. or peripheral devices.: How servers work
Produces the data to be sent: Data source
1. Ethernet 2. Token Ring [ hein.pg92]: Describe two network acess methods
See page 76: How is ATM a communication System?
pg 104-108: Social and ethical issues raised by commun. systems?
Uses a special code sent with a data. Used for long distant communi.: Software Flow Control
Single telephone line involving 3 or more people at different locations. Service prvded by telephone cpmpany. It is transmitted and recieved using existing telep. lines.: Audio conference
May not be sent along the same path and could arrive at the destination at diff. times and in wrng order: Disadvantage of data packet
Local area networks and Wide area networks: What are networks classified as
diff. types of devices such as printers, storage devices, terminals and workstations: What could a node in a device be?
Deals with multiple users who are wanting to acciess the network at the same time.: Network Access Methods
see hein pg 91-2: Types of network top.
pg89hein: Common data transfer protocol
EFTPOS ; ELectronic Banking: Types of Electronic Commerce
an address and control instruction to reassemble the message in the correct order.: What does each data packet contain?
moves data through air and space. Radio and tv are an example.: Wireless transmission
Set of rules that governs the transfer of data between computers: Protocol
- Analog data to analog signal. - Digitial data to analog signal - Digital data to digital signal-Analog data to digital sgnals: What are the four encoding and decoding possibilities in transmission?
Type of networks. NICs package data according to the rules of the network operating system and transmit data along the connecting network cable.: What does the type of NIC depend on?
Collecting, processing and displaying. Hein.og 100-1: What are the info. processes that play a major role in communication systems?
Uses cables, such as wires. This is for devices which are closely linked to a cable.: Hardware Flow Control
Creation, storage, exchange and management of messages: What does a messaging system involve?
A signal may be corrupted due to long distances or interference from electromagnetic fields. A repeater is used to rebuild a fading signal to its orginal strength and shape b4 transmitting it onwards.It ensures that the data is received just like as it was sent.: Repeater
divides data commun. into 7 layers.Each layer expresses standard [which uses a protocol].Bottom layer= transfer of data 4m one place 2 another.[type of plug,the format of data,the method of transmission and error checking.].Top Layer= Examines exchange of data bet. application programs.[Include prtcls that specify file transfer,passwords +network management.: Describe OSI reference model
number of comp and their peripheral devices connected together in some way.: Network
An internationally accepted standard to which protocols are written into.: OSI reference model
Use of an electronic transmission to allow ameeting to occur at the same time in different locations. Alternative to face-to-face meetings: Teleconferencing
Contains rules for communi. + determines how the ntwrk devices send and recieve data,: What do network softwares cntain?
Along a transmission device: How is the data transferred?
pg 82,hein: Voice Mail
bqz fibre optic cable is usually too expensive and difficult to install: Why most lans use twisted cable or coaxial cable but not fibre optic cable

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