AP Euro Chapter 10- Renaissance and Discovery
Terms
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- Republic of Florence
-
republic, Medici family, wool/banking
(map p 319) - Duchy of Milan
- duchy, Visconti/Sforza families, well known for production of arms
- Republic of Venice
- Oligarchy, run by merchant families, thrived off of maritime trade
- Kingdom of Naples
- Monarchy, thrived from France and Spain's war, agriculture
- Papal States
- territory managed by the papacy, which was growning more and more political and secular
- Republic of Genoa
- Republic, thrived from maritime trade
- genovino, ducat, florin
- Italian gold coins
- grosso
- Italian silver coin
- grandi
- highest social class- old wealth
- populo grosso
-
new wealth, rising upper class, literally "fat people"
intermarriage was common with grandi- a mixing of old and new - mediocri
- literally mediocre- middle class
- populo minuto
- literally "small people"- laborors- lowest class, although they were free and better off than the rest of Europe
- contado
- country estates
- Guelf
- supporters of the Pope and the Papacy
- Ghibelline
- supporters of the empire
- Vita Civile
- ??
- Signoria
- ??
- podesta (accent on a)
- a position developed in Florence that was a person who mainained law and had executive, miliary, and judicial authority
- condottieri
- captain, had a rentable army that sometimes would come it and just not fight and instead take over and occasionally people came to power because of this
- "balence of power"
- A system in Italy in which power was maintained because if once city state became too strong the others would band together and beat it back down to its proper position
- diplomacy
- a system where instead of going to a country if there was an issue diplomacies and ambassadors were established to maintain peace and communication
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humanism
(schools of thought) -
1: the birth of modernity, characterized by un-christian philosophy that stressed the dignity of humankind and championed indiviualism and secular values
2: very champions of catholic christianity, who opposed paan aristotle and ineloquent scholasticism
3: a form of scholorship designed to promote a sense of civic responsibility and political liberty - humanism (definition)
- the scholorly study of latin and greek classics and of the ancient Church Fathers both for its own sake and in hope of a rebirth of ancient norms and values
- William Tyndale
-
(1492-1536)
An English reformer who met at the White Horse Inn in Cambridge to discuss Lutheran writings smuggled into England by merchants and scholars - he translated the New Testament into English while in Germany- this began to circulate in England in 1526 - Cardinal Thomas Wolsley
-
(1475-1530)
chief minister of King Henry VIII, and Sir Thomas More, his successor, guided royal opposition to incipient protestantism- the king himself defended the seven sacraments agianst luther recieving the title of defender of the faith from pope Leo X- dismissed for not securing annulment - Thomas Cramner
-
(1489-1556)
appointed by Henry VIII as the bishop of canterbury, wrote the English book of common prayer which was enforced on all english churches by the act of uniformity in 1549