Nursing Concepts 1- Asepsis
Terms
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- Bacteriocins
- some microorganisms found in intestines produces these substances, which are lethal to related strains of bacteria
- Virulence
- The microorg ability to produce dz
- Iatrogenic infections
- As direct result of dx or therapeutic procedures
- Symptoms of inflammation
- Pain, Edema, erythema, heat, impaired function
- Margination
- WBC's line up around the vessel in prep to respond to infection in localized areas
- Emigration
- WBC's move into desigmated area
- Diapedesis
- The actual passage of bl. corpuscles thru bl. vessel walls
- Chemotaxis
- Process in which Leukocytes are drawn into injured cells
- Cicatrix
- Scar, made from firious tissue
- Transmission based precautions
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1. Droplet
2. Airborn
3. Contact - 4 types of infectious organisms
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1.Virus
2.Fungi
3.bacteria
4.Parasites - Purposes of skin:
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1.Serves as temp reg, 2.Secretes sebum,
3.Transmits senstaion
4. Produces and absorbs VitD - Defenses of Skin:
-
1. PH of skin
2.dryness
3.normal flora
4.mucous membs have cilia, and moisture - Sweat glands, types:
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Apocrine- odor
Eccrine-thermo reg
Sebaceous- produces sebum which softens and lubs the skin and hair - Stages of inflamation:
-
Vascular-bl flows to area
Exudate-exudate&fibrin forms
Repairative-fibrin forms scar - Contraindications to immunization:
- Severe febrile illness, pregnancy, allergic responce, presenc of revently acquired passive immunity
- collegin
- whitish protein deposit
- Macule
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flat unelevated patch, change in color
ex- some birth marks - Papule
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Circumscribed, solid elevations less than 1cm
ex- worts, acne, pimples, moles - pustula/vesicle
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vessicle or bulla filled with puss
ex- acne, impetigo - Milia
- distended sebaceous glands that appear as tiny white papules on cheeks, chin and nose of newborns
- Erosion
- Scratch marks, ruptured vesicles
- Lichenification
- chronic dermatitis
- Penicillins
- nontoxic antibiotics with rare major adverse reactions that usually involve hypersensitivity
- Ampicillins
- May cause gen erythematous or maculo-papular rash (measle like)
- Cephalosporins
- Short term prophylaxis therapy of surgical wound infections
- Aminoglycosides
- May be nephro or odotoxic, increase fluid intake
- Tetracycline
- Causes photosensitivity, manifested as sunburn on sun exposed area's. Watch BUN/Creat levels
- Heat causes:
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Increased blood flow
Increased O2
Increased Antibodies
Increased Leukocytes - Cold causes:
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Vasoconstriction
decreased blood flow
decreased removal of waste