Vocab reform
Terms
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- Nativists
- anti-immigrant sentiment. socio-political positions taken up by those who identify themselves as "native-born"
- Native American Association:
- Party formed by the Indians.
- Know-Nothings:
- a nativist American political movement of the 1850s
- "water power towns"
- Used near a river or stream to energize their town
- Gov. DeWitt Clinton
- Mayor of New York City and Governor of New York State. Father of the Erie Canal
- Erie Canal:
- runs from the Hudson River, connecting the Great Lakes with the Atlantic Ocean.
- "Tom Thumb":
- First Steam Engine: Experimented 1829 by Elicott Mill
- Samuel F. B. Morse
- : an American inventor, and painter of portraits and historic scenes
- Charles River Bridge v. Warren Bridge (1837):
- charter by the state of Massachusetts to operate a toll bridge
- corporation:
- : a business or organization formed by a group of people, and it has rights and liabilities separate from those of the individuals involved.
- Limited liability:
- : A business structure that is a hybrid of a partnership and a corporation. Its owners are shielded from personal liability and all profits and losses pass directly to the owners without taxation of the entity itself.
- "Putting-out" system
- : a popular system of cloth production in Europe.
- Lowell or Waltham System
- : paternalistic textile factory system of the early 19th century that relied almost exclusively on young, unmarried women laborers
- Lowell Girls:
- women who worked in the Paternalistic Textile factory
- Factory Girls Association:
- one of the first American labor organizations organized by and for women
- "express contract":
- a contract in which all elements are specifically stated, and the terms are stated
- Commonwealth v. Hunt (1842):
- not inherently illegal for workers to organize a union of try to compel recognition of that union by means of a strike.
- "Cult of Domesticity":
- a woman's role in marriage was to Maintain the home as a refuge for her husband, Train the children, Set a moral example for children to follow
- Oberlin College
- : a small liberal arts college in Oberlin, Ohio. It was founded in 1833
- Mary Lyon
- : the founder of the Mount Holyoke Female Seminary in South Hadley
- Godey's Lady's Book:
- a popular United States magazine among women. In the 1860s Godey's considered itself the "queen of monthlies."
- minstrels:
- An indigenous form of American entertainment consisting of comic skits, variety acts, dancing, and music, usually performed by white people in blackface
- P. T. Barnum:
- : remembered for his entertaining hoaxes and for founding the circus that eventually became Ringling Brothers and Barnum and Bailey Circus.
- John Deere:
- developed the world's first commercially successful, self-scouring steel plow, closely parallels the settlement and development of the Midwestern United States
- Cyrus H. McCormick
- : inventor of the mechanical reaper in 1831
- Romanticism:
- an artistic and intellectual movement in the history of ideas that originated in late 18th century Western Europe. Stressed strong emotion
- Hudson River School:
- encompasses two generations of painters inspired by Thomas Cole's, awesomely Romantic images of America's wilderness
- James Fennimore Cooper:
- best known for his stories of frontier life and pioneer adventure. His most popular work is The Last of the Mohicans(1832)
- Herman Melville
- : best known for his novels of the sea and especially for his masterpiece Moby Dick (1851)
- Edgar Allen Poe:
- : American poet, a master of the horror tale, credited with practically inventing the detective story.
- Transcendentalism:
- A loose collection of eclectic ideas about literature, philosophy, religion, social reform, and the general state of American culture
- Ralph Waldo Emerson:
- : a major American poet, philosopher and center of the American Transcendental movement.
- Self-Reliance:
- the first or only exposure students get to Emerson's thought
- Henry David Thoreau:
- was an American essayist, poet, and practical philosopher, best-known for his autobiographical story of life in the woods, Walden
- Walden:
- : by Henry David Thoreau is one of the best-known non-fiction books written by an American. Published in 1854
- On Civil Disobedience:
- encompasses the active refusal to obey certain laws, demands and commands of a government or of an occupying power without resorting to physical violence
- utopian socialism:
- : the first currents of modern Socialist thought
- communitarianism
- A member or supporter of a small cooperative or a collectivist community.
- Brook Farm:
- a transcendentalist Utopian experiment, was put into practice by transcendentalist former Unitarian minister George Ripley at a farm in West Roxbury, Massachusetts, at that time nine miles from Boston
- George Ripley:
- minister of the Purchase Street Church in Boston, 1826-41, was a central figure in the Transcendentalist movement of the 1830s and 40s, a founder in 1841 of the Brook Farm commune
- Robert Owen:
- a Welsh social reformer. He is considered the "Father" of the cooperative movement.
- New Harmony:
- town located in Posey County, Indiana
- John Humphrey Noyes:
- 1811-86, American reformer, founder of the Oneida community, b. Brattleboro