Arch Final
Terms
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- Pre-Clovis
- culture, before 11,500 RCYBP
- Paleoindian
- culture, 11,500 RCYBP
- Archaic 1
- culture, early holocene in New World, 6000B.C. to 1500-1000 B.C.
- Ceramic period
- culture, 2,000 RCYBP
- Historic
- culture, 250 RCYBP
- End of Pleistocene
- 11,000 years ago
- Holocene
-
8,000-3,000 years ago (North America)
12,000 BP - present (worldwide) - Archaic 2
- New World, 6000 B.C. to 1500-1000 B.C.
- Mesolithic
-
-1st "modern" cemetaries
-origins of agriculture - Squier and Davis
- Mapped Hopewell mounds
- Binford
- Continuem of Hunters and gatherers: Forager ----> Collectors
- Woodburn
-
Continuem of Hunters and gatherers: Immediate return
---> Delayed return - Bettinger
- Continuem of Hunters and gatherers: Processors---> Travelers
- G.P. Murdock
- ?????
- Common cultural traits of Mesoamerican civs
- vigesimal (20) #s, solar calendar, architecture, writing, ball game, religion, pantheon of gods, substitance =CRON, beans, squash; dress, trade, technology
- Olmec
- foundation culture, Mexico, many ideas taken from them.
- Maya
- not unified under one king, wrote in long count, city-states
- Toltec
- not much knowm. Prob formed by people leaving Teotihucan and moving towards Mexico. + Maya= Chichen 'Itza
- Woodland period
- 1,000 B.C. Moundbuilding/ hopewell flourishing
- Earthworks
- mounds inside
- Mounds
- burials inside
- Travel or trade
-
Most likely travel:
-no hopewell artifacts elsewhere
-travel prob by river systems - Seip Earthworks
- 200 burials, possible craft houses, hopewell
- Small streams
- mot much predates late Archaic
- High Order Streams
- Paleoindian/early archaic, skip late/mid archaic
- Alluvial fans
- many late/mid archaic or older
- Mississippian Time period
- 900-1,500 A.D.
- Aztec
- Human sacrifice came to its peak. 3 groups unified under one king
- Residential mobility
- H-Gs whole group can get up and go at any time
- types of storage
-
-insurance caches
-temporary caches
-seasonally enhanced
-high tech specialised seasonal - Storage correlates with:
- Population and enviornment
- Population jumps are associated with:
-
-specialisation
-specialisation + storage
-husbandry
-domestication - Clovis
-
-11,200 to 10,900 BC
-"fluted" points - Lepenski Vir
-
-"Iron gates" = gorges
-H-Gs
-camps/fishing camps
-Vlasac site (houses) - date of Lepenski Vir and associated sites
- 11,000 to 5,000 BC
- Catolhoyak
-
-Ian Hodder
-no streets
-4,500 years older than pyramids
-burials under houses
-obsidian, ceramics
-bull shrines - Mississipian
- Mound builders
- Cahokia, Il
- mound builders site
- Spiro, OK
- Another mounds site
- Etowah, GA
- yet another mounds site
- Averbuch, TN
- more mounds
-
Cactus hill
Meadowcroft - pre-clovis