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Apologia Biology Module One (1) Second (2nd) Edition

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What is the sum total of all processes in an organism, which convert energy, matter from outside sources, and use that energy to keep the organism alive?
Metabolism
What is the sum total of all processes in an organism which use energy and matter and simple chemical building blocks to produce large chemicals and structures necessary for life?
Anabolism
What is the sum total of all processes in an organism which break down chemicals to produce energy and simple chemicals building blocks?
Catabolism
What is the process by which green plants and some other organisms use the energy of sunlight and simple chemicals to make their own food?
Photosynthesis
What are organisms that eat only plants?
Herbivores
What are organisms that eat only meat?
Carnivores
What are organisms that eat everything?
Omnivores
What are organisms that produce their own food?
Producers
What are organisms that eat other organisms to survive?
Consumers
What are organisms that eat dead things?
Decomposers
What are organisms that make their own food?
Autotrophs
What are organisms that depend on other organisms to make their own food?
Heterotrophs
What are special structures that allow living organisms to sense the conditions of their internal or external environment?
Receptors
What kind of reproduction is by an organism that uses just itself to reproduce?
Asexual reproduction
What kind of reproduction is by two organisms that are like parents?
Sexual reproduction
What is the passing of traits from parents to an organism as a part of reproduction?
Inheritance
What are changes in the DNA from parent to offspring that affect the organism and usually goes wrong?
Mutation
What is an educated guess that attempts to explain the observation?
Hypothesis
What is a guess that went through several experiments and was found to be correct?
Theory
What is a theory that is correct because of many experiments by many scientists that all agree?
Scientific law
What are living creatures that are too small to see with the naked eye?
Microorganisms
What is the idea that long ago, very simple life forms spontaneously appeared through chemical reactions?
Abiogenesis
What kind of cell has no distinct, membrane-bounded organelles?
Prokaryotic
What kind of cell has distinct, membrane-bounded organelles?
Eukaryotic
What is a unit of more populations of individuals that can reproduce under normal conditions, produce offspring, and isolated from other species?
Species
What is a way of classifying organisms?
Taxonomy
What is naming an organism with its genus and species name?
Binomial nomenclature
What are the four criteria for life?
All life forms must have DNA. All life forms must take energy from the surroundings and must use it to live. All life forms must sense changes in the surroundings and respond to them. All life forms must reproduce.
An organism is a carnivore. Is it a heterotroph or autotroph?
it a heterotroph or autotroph? Heterotroph
An organism is a carnivore. Is it a producer, consumer, or decomposer?
Consumer
An organism is a producer. Is it a heterotroph or autotroph?
Autotroph
An organism is a consumer. Is it a heterotroph or autotroph?
Heterotroph
An organism is a decomposer. Is it a heterotroph or autotroph?
Autotroph
An organism has receptors on tentacles that come out of its head. If it lost its tentacles in an accident, what life function would be most hampered?
All life forms must sense changes in the surroundings and respond to them.
An organism has a growth in its mouth preventing it from eating. What life function would be most hampered?
All life forms must take energy from the surroundings and must use it to live.
A parent and two offspring are studied. They are all identical. Do these organisms reproduce sexually or asexually or mutate?
Reproduce asexually
A parent and two offspring are studied. Although there are many similarities between the parent and the offspring, there are also a few differences. Do these organisms reproduce sexually or asexually or mutate?
Reproduce sexually
A parent and two offspring are studied. Parent and offspring are markedly different: the offspring are not thriving. Do these organisms reproduce sexually or asexually or mutate?
Mutate
Which would be the most similar: two randomly selected members of kingdom Plantae or two randomly selected members of family Pinaceae?
Pinaceae
Which would be the most different: two randomly selected members of kingdom Plantae or two randomly selected members of genus Pinaceae?
Plantae
Can science prove anything?
No, scientific laws can be shown to be wrong by one counterexample (experiment demonstrating an error in the law).
Briefly explain the scientific method.
First, you make a hypothesis and if it survives scientific tests, then it becomes a theory. The theory undergoes years of amazing tests, if everything goes right, it is a law. Note: if a hypothesis/theory/law is shown to be wrong, scientists must scrap it or edit it.
Why does the story of spontaneous generation illustrate the limitations of science?
Aristotle believed that maggots formed from rotting meat. The real answer is that flies lay eggs, which hatch into the maggots on the meat. Aristotle did not test his ideas, and the experiments of later scientists were flawed. It took hundreds of years to fix the error.
Are scientific laws 100% true?
No, scientists may find errors in time.
Where does the wise person place his or her faith: science or the Bible?
A wise person would put his or her faith in the Bible since it is the ultimate in ancient history.
Why is the theory of abiogenesis just another example of the idea of spontaneous generation? Why is the theory of abiogenesis just another example of the idea of spontaneous generation?
Abiogenesis is a way to say that life forms just appear out of nowhere after millions of years.
Name the classification groups in our hierarchical classification scheme in order.
Kingdom Phylum Class Order Family Genus Species: (King Philip cried out, “For goodness sake!”)
An organism is a multicellular consumer made of eukaryotic cells. To what kingdom does it belong?
Animalia
An organism is a single-celled consumer made of prokaryotic cells. To what kingdom does it belong?
Monera
An organism is a multicellular producer made of eukaryotic cells. To what kingdom does it belong?
Plantae
An organism is a multicellular decomposer made of eukaryotic cells. To what kingdom does it belong?
Fungi
An organism is a microorganism made up of a single cell. To what kingdom does it belong? Protista
For a three-domain system of classification, in which domain would a multicellular consumer made of eukaryotic cells belong?
Eukarya
For a three-domain system of classification, in which domain would a producer with a single, eukaryotic cell belong?
Eukarya
For three-domain system of classification, in which domain would a single-celled consumer made of prokaryotic cells belong?
Archaea or Bacteria

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