Antibiotics that interfere with protein synthesis
Terms
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- Erythromycin
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(Macrolide - 50S)
DOC: Mycoplasma pneumonia, legionella infections, diptheria infections.
Tox: dec. P450 - Clarithromycin
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(Macrolide - 50S)
TX: H. influenzae, Mycoplasma avium complex, H. Pylori
Tox: dec. P450 - Azithromycin
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(Macrolide - 50S)
TX: Mycoplasma avium complex, toxoplasmosis encephalitis, chlamydia trachomatis - Clindamycin
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Lincosamide (50S)
-DOC: Anaerobes
-Tox: pseudomembranous enterocolitis - Chloramphenicol
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50S
-DOC: salmonella typhosa
-Tox: "GRAY BABY SYNDROME", aplastic anemia, pancytopenia, transient bone marrow depression - Tetracyclines
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(30S)
DOC: Cholera, rickettsia, coxiella, relapsing fever, chalamydial diseases, ROCKY MOUNTAIN SPOTTED FEVER, rickettsiae, mycoplasma, lymphogranuloma
Tox: Discolor/damage teeth, bones, nails b/c chelation of Ca, Mg, Al; Fanconi syndrome - Aminoglycosides, general
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(30S)
-blocks initiation
-promotes misreading
-poor GI absorption
-excreted unchanged in urine
-Concentration dependent - administer one large dose daily
Tox: Ototox, nephrotox, curare-like syndrome, electroylte imbalance - Streptomycin
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Aminoglycoside (30S)
-Used IN COMBO for tx of TB, strep faecalis, endocarditis, plague - Neomycin
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Aminoglycoside (30S)
-VERY toxic
-topical use or bowel sterilization ONLY
-for G+/G- including mycobacteria - Kanamycin
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Aminoglycoside (30S)
-very high misreading of mRNA
-very toxic
-seldomly used - Gentamicin
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Aminoglycoside (30S)
-active against many G- (P-PEck) - Tobramycin
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New Aminoglycoside (30S)
-for bacteremia by G- Bacilli - Amikacin
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New Aminoglycoside (30S)
-for resistent strains - Netilmicin
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New Aminoglycoside (30S)
-against G- bacilli
-less toxic - Viomycin
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New Aminoglycoside (30S)
-second line drug for TB - Spectinomycin
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AminoCYCLITOL (30S)
-only for acute gonococcal urethritis, proctitis, cervicitis
-LOW renal tox
-NO ototoxicity - Streptogramins A+B
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Quinupristin and Dalfopristin
-inhibit 50S, bactericidal
-for resistant bacteria
-SE: arthralgia-myalgia, inc. P450 - Oxazoladinones
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Linezolid
-for G+ multiple drug resistant
-TOX: GI, headache, thrombocytopenia, MAOI