ch. 13 key terms
Terms
undefined, object
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- acculturation
-
exchange of cultural features that results when gprs. come into continuous firsthand contact;
the cultrl patterns of either or both grps. may be changed, but the GRPS. REMAIN DISTINCT - core values
- key, basic, or central values that integrate a culture and help dist. it from otrs
- cultural relativism
-
pos'n th/values adn standards of cultures differ and deserve respect.
extreme relativism argues th/cultures should be judged solely by their own standards. - cultural rights
-
doctrine th/certain rights are vested in identifiable grps., such as religious and ethnic minorities and indigenous societies.
cultural rights include a grp.'s ability to:
--preserve culture
--raise its children in the ways of its forbears
--continue its language
--not to be deprived of its economic base by the nation-state in which it is located - diffusion
- borrowing of cultrl traits bet. societies, ethier directly or thru intermediaries
- enculturation
- social process by wh/culture is learned and transmitted across the generations
- ethnocentrism
- tendency to view one's own culture as best and to judge the bhvr and beliefs of culturally diff. ppl by one's own standards
- generality
- culture pattern or trait that exists in some but not all societies
- globalization
- accelerating interdependence of nations in a world system linked economically and thru mass media and modern transportatn systems
- human rights
-
doctrine that invokes a realm of JUSTICE AND MORALITY BEYOND AND SUPERIOR TO PARICULAR COUNTRIES, CULTURES, AND RELIGIONS.
human rights, usually seen as vested in indiv.s, wld incl. the rt. to:
--speak freely
--hold religious blfs w/o persecutn
--not to be murdered, injured, enslaved, or imprisoned w/o charge. - independent intervention
-
devel. of the same cultrl trait or pattern in separate cultures as a result of comparable needs, circumstances, and solutions.
(cultural analog of convergent evolution) - international culture
- culturl traditns that extend beyond national boundaries
- IPR
-
Intellectual Property Rights, consisting of ea. society's cultrl base--its core blfs and principles.
IPR are claimed as a grp. right--a cultural right, allowing indigenous grps. to ctrl who may know and use their collectiv knowledge and its applicatns - national culture
- cultrl experiences, blfs, lrnd bhvr patterns, and values shared by citizens of the same nation.
- particularity
- distinctive or unique culture trait, pattern, or integration
- subcultures
- diff. cultrl traditns assoc. w/subgrps. in the same complex society.
- symbol
- something, verbal or nonverbal, th/arbitrarily and by conventn stands for sthg else, with wh/it has no necessary or natural connxn
- universal
- describes sthg that exists in every culture