ANTH 2 2
Terms
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- QUADRUPEDAL
- walking on all fours
- PREHENSILE
- grasping
- ISHIAL CALLOSITIES
- Thick calloused pads of skin on the ischium (butts)
- BRACHIATION
- A form of movement in which the body Is propelled by the arms alone with a phase of free flight between handholds.
- RELATIVE DATING
- A dating method that indicates the age of one item in comparison to another.
- CARBON 14 DATING (Radiocarbon)
- A radiometric dating technique using the decay rate of a radioactive form of carbon found in organic remains.
- THERMOLUMINESCENCE DATING
- A technique used to date crystalline materials by measuring the density of trapped electrons in the crystal lattice.
- STRATIGRAPHY
- The study of the earth’s strata
- LAW OF SUPERPOSITION
- The principal of stratigraphy that states that, barring disturbances, the deepest layers would have been deposited first, and are therefore the oldest.
- HOMINOID
- Living and extinct apes and humans.
- BIPEDALISM
- Walking upright on two legs
- U-SHAPED DENTAL ARCADE
- Characterized by parallel rows of molar teeth, resulting in a relative "U" shaped dentition
- SEXUAL DIMORPHISM
- Differences between the two sexes in a species.
- PROGNATHIC
- Protruding face
- LITHIC
- Stone
- HAMMERSTONE
- A stone used to strike a core in order to either shape the core into a tool, or remove flakes which can be used as tools.
- ACHEULEAN
- Handaxe
- FORAGERS
- People who subsist by gathering, fishing, and hunting.
- PHYLOGENY
- The evolutionary relationships covering a group of species usually diagramed as a "family tree"
- SAGITTAL KEEL
- A feature running along the middle of the skull shaped like a shallow, upside-down "V"
- LEVALLOIS
- A complicated tool making strategy where shaped flakes are removed from a specifically prepared core.
- OPPOSABLE
- The ability to touch the tip of the thumb (or big toe) to the tips of the other digits.
- FOSSIL
- The remains of plants and animals that are preserved through mineralization.
- ABSOLUTE DATING
- A dating method that gives a specific age, year, or range of years for an object or site.
- RADIOMETRIC DATING
- A technique used to date a material utilizing the known decay rate of a radioactive substance.
- POTASSIUM ARGON DATING
- A radiometric dating technique using the rate at which radioactive potassium decays into stable argon gas.
- ELECTRON-SPIN-RESONANCE DATING
- A radiometric dating technique that estimates dates from observation of radioactive atoms trapped in the calcite crystals present in a number of materials.
- STRATA
- layers
- LAW OF ASSOCIATION
- Data uncovered in the same stratum (layer) will be associated with one another and be of the same relative age.
- HOMININ
- Species on the human branch that separated from non-human primates (apes), including modern humans and our bipedal ancestors.
- SAGITTAL CREST
- A sharp fin shaped bone that runs across the middle of the skull.
- DIASTEMA
- A gap between adjacent teeth
- OLDOWAN
- chopping stone tools
- CORE
- The parent material from which a stone tool is made
- DEBITAGE
- The waste by-products (flakes, shatter) produced by stone tool manufacture.
- FLAKE
- A fragment of stone removed from the core during the stone tool making process.
- SEXUAL DIVISION OF LABOR
- When labor is divided so that men do certain tasks, and women do other tasks.
- SUPRAORBITAL TORUS
- a ridge on the frontal bone above the eye socket
- OCCIPITAL TORUS
- A horizontal ridge at the back of the skull in Homo erectus and archaic Homo sapiens
- MOUSTERIAN
- Blade tools, Mode IV
- ATLATL
- Device used to throw a spear