American Depression Unit Test Review Organizer
FDR's background
Cause and Effect
Depression Background
FDR's 3r's and Alphabet Soup
FDR: Fighting the Depression
Opposition
Assessing Success
Democrat vs. Dictator
Cinderella Man
Cause and Effect
Depression Background
FDR's 3r's and Alphabet Soup
FDR: Fighting the Depression
Opposition
Assessing Success
Democrat vs. Dictator
Cinderella Man
Terms
undefined, object
copy deck
- Frances Townsend
- Frances teamed up with Coughlin and together these two men focused on the issue of elderly in America.
- reform
- These laws and agencies changed the way that both government and buisness opperated. Goal: Prevent another depression in the future! Example: Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation.
- Lend-Lease
- Designed to: American lend military equipment to Britian free of charge.Public's response:Public thought it was interfering with the war.
- Charles Coughlin
- Charles Couglin was a Roman Catholiv priest a popular radio host and an outspoken opponent of FDR. In 1935 Coughlin formed an organization called the National Union for Social Justice which was designed to probide work and fair wages for all Americans.
- Elderly Related Issues
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- CCC
- CCC hired young men between the ages of 18-25 to plant trees and work on other enviromental projects.
- Issue faced as leaders
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- breadlines
- Breadlines: could be seen in every city as the unemployment lined up in queues waiting for free bread and soup provided by charity organisations such as the Salvation Army.
- FDR's Education
- FDR had a private tutor when young. He went to private school called Gorton. FDR graduated from Harvard Law School in the year 1904. He also went to Columbia Law School but never graduated.
- Cash and Carry
- Designed to: Britian and France provide goods and weapons from America if they collected them in their own ships. To defeat germany. Outcome: Germany still defeated Britian and France in less than a year. Britian went broke.
- relief
- These programs provided immediate aid to Americans. The hungry recieved food! The homless recieved shelter! Example the Federal Emergency Relief Agency
- FDIC
- FDIC provided a safety net for Americans' investments in banks: it guaranteed that even if a bank failed, depositers would get up to $2500 back from the national government. FDIC still exists today but now it guarantees up to $100,000.
- NRA
- The NRA established codes and rules for production to which industry had to adhere. Minimum wages and fair hours were created for worker; workers could join unions to protect their rights. NRA also established rules to end excessive competition between businesses in hopes of bringing about an end to economic decline.
- recovery
- These programs provided jobs to the unemployed so that Americans could take care of themselves further government assistance. Example the Public Work Administration.
- Supreme Court
- In all the Supreme Court heard 16 cases dealing with FDR's alphabet soup agencies and in 11 of them the 9 justices ruled against FDR.
- New Deal
- FDR promised America a "New Deal" Government becomes actively involved in the lives of citizens like never before.
- Unpopular Government
- President Hoover blamed for the unpopular government. He was considered out of touch with America.(example: He raised taxes during the Depression) Roosevelt(D) beats Hoover(R) in 1932 presidential election.
- TVA
- TVA organization created many dams that were built in the Depression in which still exist today.
- Dustbowl
- Severe drought and poor soil management ruins millions of acres of farmland.(example of places: Beaver,Oklahoma South Dakota Baca County,Colorado)
- Judicial Reform Act
- FDR claimed that the members of the Supreme Court need extra help in part of their age.(1 was 80, 5 were in their 70's and none were under 60's)
- compare and contrast
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- PWA
- PWA began major new construction projects like highways and bridges were created;these projects benefited both the community and those employed by them.
- Share Our Wealth
- Long propsed something called the Share your wealth program . Long wanted all fortunes of over 3 million dollars to be confiscated and the redistributed to the poor.
- Gerald Smith
- Coghlin, Townsed and Smith joined together to form a 3rd party called the Union party, to run against FDR in the election of 1936.
- Prohibition
- Prohibiton was believed by some to be destroying American society. So it was outlawed. The governement had to spend money to enforce the law and lost tax revenue from alcohol industry.
- AAA
- AAA was created to protect farmers. The AAA in some cases actually paid farmers to not grow crops or raise animals!
- Case of the Sick Chicken
- That meant that one of the key componets of FDR's New Deal and 750 of its codes were now considered illegal.
- Cinderella Man
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- farming crisis
- The Farmers aim was to create food stoppers in towns,to make food prices rise. Prices rise= more income for the farmers.
- Unemployment stats
- 12 million people unemployed in 1932 and the number was going up 12,000 each day.
- Stock Market Crash
- Stock Market Crash occured on Tuesday 10.29.1929. A "panic" (rush to sell) leads to a decline in stock prices. The result is billions of dollars lost.
- techniques to deal with problems
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- SS
- Social Security is the theory or practice of providing economic security and social welfare for the individual through government programs maintained by moneys from public taxation.
- Fireside Chats
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- Bank Holiday
- All the banks were ordered to close until new laws could be passed. An emergency banking law was rushed through Congress. The Law set up new ways for the federal government to funnel money to troubled banks It also required the Treasury Department to inspect banks before they could re-open.
- overproduction
- Surplus of goods leads to falling prices. Falling prices leads to companies losing money. Companies losing money leads to workers losing jobs.
- War Years Stats: 1941-1945
- 7,200,000 : Americans servicemen who fought in WW2. $100 billion/year: money for WW2. <1,000,000: unemployment dropped to under 1 million.
- Hoovervilles
- Hooverville: people moving on to waste grounds in the cities, where they could build huts with old wood,scrap materials, and sacking in rubbish dumps. The Hoovervilles were untidy and unhealthy. These places were named after President Hoover.
- Pearl Harbor
- 12-7-1941( Japenese dive bombers and torpedo bombers attacked American fleet in the Pacific Ocean. Sunk 8 battleship and killed more than 2000 sailors.) 12-8-1941 ( America declared war with Japan) 12-9-1941 (Japan's allies : Italy and Germany declared war to America)
- Huey Long
- Huey Long accused FDR of not doing enought to help the poor Americans.
- Neutrality Acts
- Goal: Americans out of wars overseas. Restrictions: America can't give finacial aid to countries at war or trade.
- Homeless stats
- Over 1 million people were homeless. In 1932 250,000 Americans stopped paying their mortgages.
- Bonus Army
- Bonus Army:The government voted against paying the veterans their bonuses. 1000 protestors injured, 2 were dead.
- biographies
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- 100 Days
- The House and the Senate met for 100 days between March-June 1933. FDR's new deal which changed the way American government operates.
- FDR's Family
- FDR is the son of James and Sara Roosevelt. FDR married his distant cousin named Eleanor--> neice of the former president (Teddy Roosevelt) FDR was wealthy in the NY society. He was an only child.