Biol 110- Exam 1
Terms
undefined, object
copy deck
- Unifying Themes. Examples of Unifying Themes.
- Something that applies to all areas of biology. Ex: cell, cell theory; metabolism, reproduction; DNA & heredity
- Macromolecules
- large molecules
- Polymer
- molecules consisting of many repeating molecular units (most biological units are polymers)
- Monomer
- Each individual unit of a polymer
- Synthesis
- Molecules coming together to form a polymer (Ex: glucose molecules ---> starch
- Dehydration Reaction
- How polymers are synthesized. Water molecules formed from H on polymer and HO (hydroxl group) from monomer
- Breakdown (Hydrolosis) of Polymers
- Opposite of Dehydration. Enzyme breaks down polymer by attaching H to shorter polymer chain and breaking off molecule and joining it with HO (adds water molecule, breaking a bond)
- Carbohydrates
- Sugars, starch, glycogen, cellulose, chitin
- Monosacchride
- simple sugar
- How are sugars classified?
- By the number of carbons they have. Ex: Pentose-5 carbons C5H12O5
- Diasaccharide
- 2 sugars linked together
- Glycosidic bond
- 2 glucose sugars bond together through dehydration synthesis to form Maltose
- How do monosaccharides become diasaccharides?
- Dehydration Synthesis bonds them together
- How are polysaccharides stored in plants?
-
Simple sugars linked in coilded chains (starch), poylmers of glucose unit,
Starch stored in chloroplast in starch granule - How do animals store polysaccharides?
- Glycogen granules hold coiled chains of glucose in cells of liver and muscles (a reserve source of energy for immediate use)