AP Language semester 1 final exam vocab
Terms
undefined, object
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- Accusatory
- Charging wrongdoing
- Analytical
- Breaking into comonent parts
- Apathetic
- Indifferent due to lack of energy or concern
- Awe
- Solemn wonder
- Bitter
- Exhibiting strong animosity as a result of pain or grief
- Callous
- Unfeeling; insensitive to feelings
- Capricious
- Erratic; unpredictable
- Caustic
- Intense use of sarcasm
- Choleric
- Hot-tempered; easily angered
- Conciliatory
- Agreeable; characterized by appeasement
- Condescension
- Feeling of superiority
- Contemplative
- Studying, thinking, reflecting on an issue
- Conventional
- Lacking spontaneity, originality, or individuality
- Critical
- Finding fault
- Cynical
- Questions the basic sincerity and goodness of people
- Derisive
- Ridiculing; mocking
- Didactic
- Author attempts to educate or instruct the reader
- Disdainful
- Scornful
- Earnest
- Intense and sincere state of mind
- Enthusiastic
- Excited; passionate
- Erudite
- Learned; polished; scholarly
- Fanciful
- Using the imagination
- Forthright
- Directly frank without hesitation
- Gloomy
- dark; sad; rejected
- Harsh
- Critical; severe
- Haughty
- Proud and vain to the point of arrogance
- Humorous
- Witty; intentionally funny
- Indignant
- Marked by anger aroused by injustice
- Informal
- Loose; casual; familiar
- Intimate
- Very familiar
- Jovial
- Happy
- Judgemental
- Authoritative and often critical opinion
- Lyrical
- Emotional; full of images; song-like; expressing inner feelings
- Malicious
- Purposely hurtful
- Matter-of-fact
- Accepting; not fanciful or emotional
- Mock-serious
- Satiric
- Mocking
- Treating with contempt or ridicule
- Morose
- Gloomy; sullen; surly; despondent
- Objective
- Unbiased view
- Obsequious
- Excessively polite; obedient in hopes of gain or favor
- Optimistic
- Hopeful; cheerful
- Patronizing
- Air of condescension
- Pessimistic
- Seeing the worst side of things
- Quizzical
- Odd, eccentric, amusing
- Reflective
- Illustrating innermost self
- Reverent
- Treating subject with honor or respect
- Ribald
- Offensive in speech or gesture
- Ridiculing
- Contemptuous banter
- Sanguine
- Cheerful; confident; optimistic
- Sarcastic
- Sneering; caustic
- Satiric
- Scornful and mocking (through immitation)
- Sincere
- Genuine; without deceit or pretense
- Solemn
- Deeply earnest; grave
- Somber
- Gloomy; grave
- Strident
- Harsh; insistent
- Superficial
- Shallow; lacking substance
- Tongue-in-cheek
- Ironic; whimsically exaggerrated
- Whimsical
- Odd; quirky
- Allegory
- Symbolic (or abstract) representation of character or story elements
- Alliteration
- Repitition of consonant sounds in neighboring text
- Allusion
- Direct or indirect reference to commonly known idea, event, book, or place
- Ambiguity
- Multiple meaning of passage, phrase, sentence, or word
- Analogy
- Comparison or similarity between two different things or the relationship between them
- Antecedent
- Word, phrases, or clause referred to by a pronoun
- Aphorism
- Terse statement which expresses a general truth or moral principal
- Apostrophe
- Figure of speech which addresses an absent or imaginary person or personified abstraction
- Atmosphere
- Emotional mood created by an entire literary work
- Clause
- Grammatical unit containing a subject and a verb
- Colloquial/ colloquialism
- Use of slang or informalities in speech or writing
- Conceit
- Extended metaphor/surprising analogy (unusual comparison)
- Connotation
- Non-literal associative meaning of a word
- Denotation
- Strict, literal dictionary definition of a word
- Diction
- Writer's word choices with regard to their correctness or clarity
- Euphemism
- Greek for "Good Speech" more agreeable term for unpleasant subject
- Extended metaphor
- Metaphor developed at great length (yet not a conceit)
- Figurative language
- Writing or speech not meant to carry literal meaning
- Figure of speech
- Simile, metaphor, and hyperbole are examples
- Generic conventions
- Differentiates between an essay and journalistic writing
- Genre
- Major category into which a literary work fits
- Homily
- Serious talk, speech, or lecture
- Hyperbole
- Figure of speech using deliberate exaggeration often comic
- Imagery
- Terms related to the five senses; how an author creates is important
- Inference/infer
- To draw a reasonable conclusion from the information presented
- Invective
- Emotionally violent, verbal denunciation
- Irony/ironic
- Difference between what appears to be and what is actually true
- Loose sentence
- Independent clause comes first, followed by dependent grammatical units
- Metaphor
- Example: This quiz is a piece of cake
- Metonymy
- Greek for "changed label" or "substitute name"
- Mood
- Prevailing atmosphere of a work
- Narrative
- Telling of a story or account of an event
- Onomatopoeia
- Figure of speech in which natural sounds are imitated by word sounds
- Oxymoron
- Greek for "pointedly foolish"
- Paradox
- Statement which appears to be self-contradictory but really carries some truth
- Parallelism
- Greek roots "beside one another"
- Parody
- Work which closely imitates the style or content of another with comic effect
- Pedantic
- Overly scholarly, academic, bookish
- Periodic sentence
- Sentence that presents its central meaning in a main clause at the end
- Personification
- Figure of speech in which the author presents or describes animals, concepts, or inanimate objects with human attributes
- Point of view
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First persion-protagonist, participant, or observer...
Third person omniscient-Narrator with god-like knowledge - Predicate adjective
- Adjective clause which follows a linking verb
- Predicate nominative
- Word or clause which follows a linking verb and complements the subject by renaming it
- Prose
- Fiction and non-fiction (not poetry/drama)
- Repetition
- Duplication of elements of language, sounds
- Rhetoric
- Greek for "orator"; writing effectively
- Rhetorical modes
- Exposition, argumentation, persuasion, and description
- Semantics
- Study of the meanings of words
- Style
- Choices an author makes with regard to diction, syntax, figurative language, and other literary devices
- Subordinate clause
- Word group which contains both a subject and a verb, but cannot stand alone
- Syllogism
- Greek for "reckoning together"; deductive system of formal logic
- Symbol/symbolism
- Object, action, character, or scene that represents something more abstract
- Syntax
- The way an author chooses to join words into phrases, clauses, or sentences
- Theme
- Central idea or meaning of work
- Thesis
- Sentence of group of sentences which express the author's opinion or purpose
- Tone
- Author's attitude toward his/her material, the audience, or both
- Transition
- Word or phrase which links different ideas
- Understatement
- Ironic minimalizing, often humorous
- Wit
- Intellectually amusing language which surprises or delights