PA Chapter 5
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- Why did British soldiers begin to build a fort near Pittsburgh?
- George Washington said it was good for a fort since it was near two rivers.
- What fort did the French build where the Allegheny and Monongahela rivers come together?
- Fort Duquesne
- What fort was located near present-day Pittsburgh?
- Fort Duquesne
- Where was the battle located that marked the beginning of the French and Indian War?
- Fort Necessity
- What is an ally?
- A person, country, or group united with another for a common purpose.
- Who were allies in the French and Indian War?
- The French and the Indians
- Who won the French and Indian War?
- The British
- What did the French sign at the end of the French and Indian War that forced them to give up all of their land in North America?
- The Treaty of Paris
- What fort did the British build where Fort Duquesne had stood?
- Fort Pitt
- What happened at the Battle of Bushy Run?
- Henry Bouquet's troops defeated the Native Americans, which caused the Pennsylvania frontier to remain peaceful for several years.
- What happened to the Pennsylvania frontier when the Native American attacks ended?
- Thousands of colonists moved west.
- What two countries claimed land in western Pennsylvania?
- France and England
- What rivers came together at Fort Duquesne?
- The Allegheny and the Monongahela
- What do we call books and other sources that contain facts about many different subjects?
- Reference sources
- A book that gives the meanings, pronounciations, and spellings of words
- Dictionary
- Words that appear at the top of each page in a dictionary, telling the first and last words on the page
- Guide Words
- A book or set of books that gives information about people, places, things, and events
- Encyclopedia
- Why did Great Britain want the colonists to help pay for the cost of the French and Indian War?
- They spent a great deal of money to send British soldiers to North America to fight in the war.
- Why did Great Britain want the colonists to help pay for the British soldiers that were now in the colonies?
- The troops were protecting the land along the frontier and guarding the settlers from attacks by Native Americans.
- Money people pay to a government is called a __________________.
- Tax
- What placed a tax on everything made of paper that was sold in the colonies?
- The Stamp Act
- How did the colonists react to the Stamp Act?
-
1. They attacked tax offices
2. Burned papers
3. Destroyed items belonging to tax collectors
4. Covered tax collectors with tar and feathers - What did Great Britain do after the colonists fought against the Stamp Act?
- They repealed it.
- What items did Great Britain continue to tax?
-
tea
paper
objects made of glass - What did the colonists do when Britain taxed tea, paper, and glass?
- They boycotted those goods
- Where was the meeting of the First Continental Congress held?
- Carpenter's Hall in Philadelphia
- A formal meeting to discuss a common interest is called a ________________.
- congress
- What was decided by the 56 men at the First Continental Congress?
-
1. They agreed to stop trade with Great Britain.
2. They demanded that the colonies be allowed to make their own laws.
3. They asked minutemen to defend the cities. - What name was given to colonists who promised to be ready for battle at a minute's notice?
- Minutemen
- A sudden, violent, or very great change is called a ___________________.
- Revolution
- What event marked the beginning of the American Revolution?
- A battle between minutemen and British soldiers in the Massachusetts colony
- Where was the Second Continental Congress held?
- The Pennsylvania State House in Philadelphia
- Who was chosen to lead the Continental Army at the Second Continental Congress?
- George Washington
- How did King George react when he received the letter following the Second Continental Congress?
- He refused to read it, causing angry colonists to prepare to break away from Britain
- Who wrote a letter to King George for the Second Continental Congress asking the king to solve the differences between Great Britain and the colonies?
- John Dickinson
- Who was the author of "Common Sense?"
- Thomas Paine
- When was the Declaration of Independence written?
- 1776
- Who wrote the Declaration of Independence?
- Thomas Jefferson
- What was approved by the Second Continental Congress on July 4, 1776?
- The Declaration of Independence
- Why was the American Revolution going poorly for the colonists near the end of 1776?
-
1. The Continental Army had lost several battles.
2. Supplies were low.
3. American soldiers had only worn out clothing and shoes. - Why was the Battle of Trenton a success for the Americans?
- American soldiers crossed the Delaware River and landed at Trenton New Jersey. They surprised and captured a group of German soldiers, called Hessians.
- Name the capital of the thirteen colonies.
- Philadelphia
- Where did American troops camp during the winter of 1777-1778?
- Valley Forge
- Why did Benjamin Franklin say that "Philadelphia had captured General Howe?"
- Because his troops were enjoying the city's horse races, dances, and parties.
- What two major Revolutionary War battles were fought in Pennsylvania?
- The Battle of Brandywine and the Battle of Germantown
- What was winter like for the troops at Valley Forge?
-
They had very little food.
12 men slept in each log hut.
They had very little clothing or shoes. - Who taught the Americans to use their weapons and fight better during the winter at Valley Forge?
- Baron von Steuben
- What country did the Americans receive help from in fighting the British?
- France
- Why did most Quakers not join in the fighting for our freedom?
- Their religious beliefs did not allow fighting.
- What Pennsylvania resources helped the Continental Army?
-
Iron for cannons and cannonballs
Lead for rifle balls
Craftspeople made Pennsylvania rifles
PA farmers grew wheat that helped feed the troops - What allowed the British forces to capture Philadelphia?
- American losses at the battles of Brandywine and Germantown
- What was the Great Runaway?
- Settlers near Wilkes-Barre were attacked by Loyalists and Native Americans. They fled, taking only what they could carry.