OT #1
Terms
undefined, object
copy deck
- Bible as a seed
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Mark 4 (parable of sower)
-seed is the word - looks lifeless, but in right conditions transforms into life
-need receptive heart - can't change just by reading - Bible as a mirror
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James 1/John Calvin
-mirror of the soul
-where Christians go for inner-reflection - Tanak
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-Hebrew Bible
-Torah, Nebi'im, Ketubim - Torah/Law
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-Genesis, Exodus, Leviticus, Numbers, Deuteronomy
-same in English and Hebrew Bibles - Nebi'im/prophets
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-former:Joshua, Judges, Samuel, Kings
-latter:Isaiah, Jeremiah, Ezekiel, the 12 minor prophets - Ketubim/writings
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-miscellaneous collection
-Psalms, Job, Megillot(5 festival scrolls: Ruth, SS, Eccl., Lament., Esther, Daniel, Ezra-Neh., Chronicles) - Distance readers feel from the OT
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-temporal distance (15th-13th cent. BC - 500 AD)
-cultural distance (ancient Semetic culture)
-redemptive historical distance - how do we read the Bible w/ the knowledge of Christ?) - how much of Bible is made up of OT?
- 77%
- What was Jesus' view of the canon?
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-affirmed narrow canon, not apocrypha
-agreed w/ pharisees on scripture; they affirmed narrow canon - massoretes
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-400-1000 BC
-transmitted the text: standardized, vocalized, and accented the text (chose Babylonian traditions in times when things conflicted) - vocalization
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-adding vowels to text
-Massoretes did so by putting dots above and below letters - autograph
- 1st edition of a biblical book, no error
- genre
- triggers reading strategy
- canon
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-"reed" or "measuring stick" in Hebrew
-refers to selected works of scripture that are the standards of faith and practice
-canon defines the church, not the other way around - Apocrypha
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-"hidden" in Greek
-8 books that make up the extended canon
-used in Catholic church - Septuagint
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-Greek translation of the Hebrew Bible
-2nd cent. BC - Samaritan Pentateuch
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-follows Palestinian text tradition
-first 5 books are Law - Massoretic Text
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-from Babylonian text tradition
-similar to Codex Leningradensis
-best translation w/ exception of Jeremiah, Job, and Samuel - Jamina
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-90 AD
-meeting of Jewish rabbis after destruction of Temple in 70 AD
-discussed 5 disputed books: Song of Songs, Esther, Ecclesiastes, Proverbs, and Ezekiel - Dead Sea Scrolls
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-found in Qumran
-supported Codex Leningradensis
-provide an account from 3rd cent. BC to 1st cent. AD - hermeneutics
- -ways of interpreting
- Vulgate
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-Latin translation of the Bible
-translated by Jerome in 400 AD - Tiqunne sopherim
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-"dots of the scribes"
-dots above errors
-evidence of pre-massoretic text-critical analysis - Codex Leningradensis
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-1006 AD
-oldest complete Hebrew manuscript
-w/in BHS - Targum
- -Aramaic version of early translation
- Biblia Hebraica Stuttgartensia
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-BHS
-modern scholarly Hebrew Bible
-Codex Leningradensis printed w/in it - 7 principles of interpretation
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1-look for author's intended meaning
2-read passage in context
3-identify genre of the passage
4-consider historical/cultural background of Bible
5-pay attention to grammar/structure
6-interpret experience in light of scripture
7-always seek full counsel of scripture - Lenses through which we read:
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-objective (culture, education, etc.)
-distortions:
1-"treasure chest of golden truths"
2-"grab bag of promises and comforts"
3-"complication of riddles and secrets" - what is source criticism?
- method of finding previously existing sources that contributed to a Biblical book
- Documentary hypothesis
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-JEDP (Jehovist, Elohistic, Deuteronomic, Priestly)
-drawing out of source criticsim - J source
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-Jehovist
-associated w/ S. Jerusalem
-uses name Yahweh
-Anthropromorphic view of God (gives him human qualities) - E source
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-Elohistic
-9th century BC
-uses name Elohim
-focused more on "moralistic and religious" sources - D source
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-Deuteronomic
-associated closely w/ Deuteronomy
-622 BC
-favored centralized altar - P source
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-priestly
-concerned with laws, geneologies, traditions, etc. (priestly duties) - Astruc
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-18th century French doctor
-came up with documentary thesis
-2 separate sources based on the use of divine names (Yahweh and Elohim) - Wellhausen
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-1880's
-finalized documentary hypothesis theory
-4 criteria:
1-use of divine names
2-doublets
3-double-naming
4-different theologie - doublets
- more than one account of a biblical story
- 24 hour creation
- -God created the world in 6 literal 24 hour days (yom)
- Framework hypothesis
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-God created the realms in the first three days, then filled them in the second three
-1=light/dark
-2=sky/sea
-3=land/vegetation
-4=sun/moon/stars
-5=birds/fish
-6=animals/humans