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Osiris

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new stone age, humans learn to domesticate plants and animals.
Neolithic Revolution 7000 BC
Egyptian King and mythical God
Osiris
Egyptian reformer, end of a unique empire
Akhenaten
god based off an egyptian pharoh
aten
year Judean kingdom destroyed
586 BC
year persians were allowed to return and build the temple
539 BC
caste system hierarchy
priests-teachers
warriors-nobility
merchants
peasants
slaves
Buddha principles
563-483

existance is suffering
suffering is from desire
minus desire is the cure
need to stay in the middle
confusion principles
to improve society you must improve leadership
1st empire to link Mesopotamia and Egypt
612 BC
Asyrians
conquers egypt and moves into Europe
Darius
Hero of Athens and son of king aegus
Theseus
term for city
Polis
greek that used fear of death to rule
Draco
popular greek politician that had all citizens voting for major decisions
Pericles
upper class, consuls are politicians
patricians
lower class, tribunes are politicians
plebians
believed that Carthage must be destroyed
Cato
gives island kingdom to Rome to avoid feud
Pergamum
big estates with lots of slave labor
latufundia
roman term meaning revered
augustus
attempt to get noble women to fill sacred priestess role
vestel virgins
became main eastern rivals for rome around 3rd century BC
Parthians
handled Mauryan empire and became Buddhist
Asoka
dynasty that had Confucionism in china till 1912
Han
first professional historian
Leopold Van Ranke
wife of Pericles
Aspasia
mother of Gracci brothers
cornelia
mother of Constantine
Helena
14-37 AD ruler adopted by Augustus
Tiberius
biship approval of predecessor
apostalic succession
faced instablity, ruled with Maxmiam and founded tetrarchy
Diocletian
rule of 4
tetrarchy
first monk who lived in solidarity
anthony 356 AD
set up 1st monestary close to Rome
Benedict
uncivilzed Germanic tribe
Ostregoths
wife of Muhammed
Khadija
first day of the Islamic calender
622 AD
85% of muslims believe leader should be chosen on ability
sunnis
month long fasting and pilgramage to Mecca
Ramadan
wanted to take back Roman Empire
Justinian
wife of Justinian
Theodora
emporer during time of Islam
Heraclius 610-641
famous missionaries for the Orthodox church that translated Bible for the Slavs
Cyril & Methodius
monk who became the pope
Gregory 1st
500-1000 BC architecture
Romanesque
1000-1500 BC religiously based construction
Gothic
sovern pope run territory
papal states
pepin,s son, crowned by pope as God inspired
Charlemagne
Charlemagne's reforms towards education
carolingian renaissance
depending on local forces to maintain order
Feudalism
the pope's right to appoint bishops
investiture
town where Henry repents to Gregory
Canossa
group that takes over muslim empire and sparks crusades
turks 1000's
movement to damp down Christian tension and violence
Peace of God
conquering of Constantinople and Orthodoxy
4th crusade
last muslim kingdom driven out of Spain
reconquista
woman monastic movement
Beguines
intilectual reform, using Christian theology to defend faith
Scholasticism
founded school of thought using reason to support faith
Thomas Aquinas
papal bull issued in 1303 by Boniface III meaning "one sacred church"
Unam Sanctum
church offices bought out of need for armies
Simony
back to classical lit. "man is the measure"
humanism
one of the first humanist proponents
Petrarch
back to the sources (find the original)
ad fontes
invented the printing press
Johann Gutenburg
published NT in Latin
Erasmus
powerhouse in Italian politics
Medici family
tried to find better than classical sources, used fear tactics
Machiavelli
kept tabs on the war in England
parliment
crusading monks that violently converted Prussians
Teutonic Knights
Russian emporer (Ivan the III)
Tsar
Muslim expansion into Europe, change from Constantinople to Istanbul
Ottoman Empire
rich kingdom in the east that could qwell Muslims
Prestor John
portugese king that started exploring for resources
Prince Henry VIII
adventure seeker that explored Mexico
Cortez
wife and interpreter of Cortez
Malintzin
stock market & monopoly
Dutch East India Company
fist succesful colony in VA
Jamestown
complained about Indian abuse
Bartolome de Las Casas
election law passed by pope that allowed only 7 men to vote
Golden Bull
emporer during the reformation
Charles V
father of Charles V, got title of Holy Roman Emporer
Habsburg
advised people to listen to Bible not pope, burned at the stake
John Huss
reformers, but more conservative
Brethren of the Common Life
wife of Luther from a pickle barrel
Katherine Von Bora
against Luther, married 6 wives to get a son
King Henry VIII
Elizabeth
tried reformation back to Catholicism
New style of worship, humanist
Ulrich Zwingli
takes over where Zwingli left off, formed Reformation denomination
John Calvin
Illigitimate son of a priest that was important in the Anabaptist movement and was drown in 1527
Felix Mantz
priest in support of surfs and thier rebelion, seeing it as a sign of the end times
Thomas Muntzer
town that anabaptists controlled until the bishop violently took it back
Munster
1496-1561
leader of the Anabaptist movement
Menno Simons
council of bishops in 1545 that addressed protestant concerns
Council of Trent
1491-1556
man converted that wanted to be a monk for the Catholic church, founded the Jesuits
Ignatius of Loyola
a visionary and theological nun who founded the barefoot carmolites, the only sect founded by a woman for both men and women.
Teresa of Avila
Catholic architecture that demonstrated faith
baroque
Catholic massacre of Protestant wedding guests
1527 St. Bartholomew's Day massacre
1555 document signed, signifying Charles V's turing away from the war against protestants
Peace of Augsburg

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