Anthro Exam 3
Terms
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- Power Grip
- Grasping with all four fingers positioned perpendicular to the object and using the thumb for applying significant force.
- Precision Grip
- Grasping that involves opposing the tip of the thumb to the tips of the other fingers.
- Stereoscopic Vision
- Three-Dimensional vision produced by two frontally located eyes with overlapping fields, giving a sense of depth and distance.
- Diurnal
- Active during the day
- Nocturnal
- Active at night.
- Brachiation
- A form of locomotion in which the body is propelled by the arms alone with a phase of free flight between handholds.
- Home Range
- The area in which an individual or a group of animals travels, feeds, rests, and socializes.
- Knuckle Walking
- A form of quadrupedal locomotion in which, in the forelimbs, weight is supported by the knuckles, rather than the palm or outstretched fingers.
- Basal Metabolic Rate
- The rate of energy use required to maintain life when an animal is at rest.
- Territorial
- Defending fixed boundaries against intrusion by individuals or groups of the same species.
- Socioecology
- The study of how social structure is influenced by ecological conditions.
- Resource-defense Model
- (Richard Wrangham): Living in social groups allows primates to better defend access to limited food resources.
- Predation Model
- (Carel van Schaik): The primary benefit of living in social groups is to reduce vulnerability to predators.
- Female-Bonded Kin Groups
- Cooperative groups of related females.
- Philopatry
- The tendency in some animals to remain in their natal (birth) groups throughout their lives.
- Sociobiology
- The discipline concerned with evolutionary explanations of social behavior, focusing on the role played by natural selection.
- Reproductive Strategies
- (Referred to as "mating systems" in the text): Forms of courtship, mating, and parenting behavior that characterize particular species or populations.
- Sexual Strategy
- Techniques used by males and females to advertise for mates and compete with others of the same sex for mates to insure a maximum of fitness.
- Parental Investment
- Any behavior toward offspring that improves the likelihood of the offspring's survival.