Esperanto 11
Terms
undefined, object
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- -anta
-
gives the active present participle of the verb.
doing the action in the root - -inta
-
gives the active past participle of the root
having done the action in the root. - falanta
- falling
- falinta
- fallen
- fluganta
- flying
- fluginta
- flown
- mi estas falinta
- I have fallen
- ni estas falintaj
- we have fallen
- vi estas valintaj
- you (plural) have fallen
- ili estas falintaj
- they have fallen
- the present perfect of I have fallen ...
- mi estas falinta
- the past perfect (pluperfect) of I had fallen
- mi estis falinta
- vi estis falinta
- you had fallen
- ni estis falintaj
- we had fallen
- vi estis falintaj
- you (pl) had fallen
- the future perfect of I shall have fallen
- mi estos falinta
- vi estos falinta
- you will have fallen
- li estos falinta
- he will have fallen
- ni estos falintaj
- we shall have fallen
- vi estos falintaj
- you (pl) will have fallen
- ili estos falintaj
- they will have fallen
- -onta
- describes an action on the point of starting
- La arbo estis falonta
- the tree was about to fall
- Mi venos en la venonta vintro
- I will come this coming (about to come) winter.
- Estonta tempo
- future time (about to be time)
- If the participles take -o in place of the -a ending ...
-
it indicates a person performing the action
ami ... amanto lover - ju (pli/malpli) ... des (pli/malpli)
- the (more/less) ... the (more/less)
- ju pli rapide, des pli bone.
- the quicker, the better
- ju pli mi legas ĝin, des malpli mi comprenas ĝin.
- the more I read it the less I understand it.
- des pli
- all the more, so much the more
- ajn
- gives a generalizing sense, often used with correlatives
- kiu ajn
- whoever, whichever
- kio ajn
- whatever
- kia ajn
- whatever kind of
- kie ajn
- wherever
- kiam ajn
- whenever
- kiom ajn
- however much
- iu ajn
- anyone
- io ajn
- anything
- ia ajn
- any kind of
- ie ajn
- anywhere
- iam ajn
- any time
- iom ajn
- any amount
- -il-
-
denotes the instrument by which the root is carried out.
tranĉi cut ... tranĉilo knife - ek-
-
denotes the beginning of an action, or shows it is only momentary
vidi to see ... ekvidi to catch a glimpse - agado
- action, activity
- agita sekigilo
- tumble drier
- ampleksa
- extensive
- atingi
- to attain, reach
- bakujo
- oven
- boli
- boil
- boligi
- to boil (something)
- boligilo
- kettle
- bonŝanca
- lucky
- bruna
- brown
- centrifuga sekigilo
- spin drier
- dubi
- to doubt, be doubtful
- ekipaĵo
- equipment
- ekspluati
- to exploit
- enui
- to be bored
- enuigi
- to bore (someone)
- fabriki
- to manufacture
- fabriko
- factory
- frosti
- to freeze
- frostigilo
- freezer
- fulmo
- lightning
- gladi
- to iron (clothes)
- grimpi
- to climb
- gvidi
- to guide, lead
- haro
- a hair
- hararo
- the hair (of the head)
- indiki
- to indicate
- intenci
- to intend
- kontroli
- to check
- kudri
- to sew
- kuirforno
- cooker
- kvalito
- quality
- laŭeble
- as far as possible
- magazeno
- store, large shop
- magnetofono
- tape recorder
- manĝilaro
- crockery, dishes
- marbordo
- coast, sea side
- mem
- oneself, itself, themselves, etc
- mikro-onda
- microwave
- naĝi
- to swim
- nepre
- without fail
- nome
- namely
- oferi
- to sacrifice
- okulo
- eye
- pan-rostilo
- toaster
- pantalono
- trousers, pants
- partopreni
- to take part
- pasi
- to pass (by)
- pasigi
- to spend (time)
- polvo
- dust
- povosuĉilo
- sweeper
- poŝo
- prezo
- price
- prizorgi
- to look after
- proksima
- near
- malproksima
- distant
- proksimume
- approximately
- radiofono
- radio
- rajdi
- to ride (horse, cycle, etc.)
- rajti
- to be entitled to
- ĉu mi rajtas?
- may I?
- rakonto
- story, account
- razi
- to shave
- robo
- to dress, robe
- ruĝa
- red
- scivoli
- to wonder (want to know)
- sperti
- to experience
- ŝati
- to appreciate, think highly of
- ŝlosi
- to lock
- ŝpari
- to save
- malŝpari
- to waste
- taŭga
- suitable
- taŭgi
- to be suitable
- velado
- sailing
- vico
- (someone's) turn
- vidbendaparato
- video recorder
- toleri la elspezon de
- to afford
- ekscii
- to get to know, find out
- flugilo
- wing
- helpanto
- helper