The Mongols
Terms
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- Where is Eurasia?
- Manchuria to Asia
- What is a steppe?
- a vast belt of dry grassland
- Where was the western steppe?
- central asia to eastern europe
- where was the eastern steppe?
- covers present-day mongolia
- The eastern steppe is the first home to who?
-
1. Huns
2. Turks
3. Mongols - describe the climate of the steppe
-
very little rain, dry, windly, hardy grasses, extreme temperatures
more rain and milder temp in the western steppe - what is a pastoralist?
- nomads that herded domesticated animals
- Why did battles always break out between nomadic clans?
- battles for land
- What specific relationship was created between the nomads and the settled peoples?
- they traded with eachother
- Why did nomads always invade towns and villages?
- because they were tempted by the luxuries the other had
- Why did the nomadic Mongols unite with each other?
- because they wanted to conquer other places
- Who is Temujin?
- Ghengis Khan before he was a khan
- What happened to Temujin in 1206?
- he assumed the title of "Ghengis Khan"
- Why did Ghengis send terror across central Asia?
- because of the murder of mongol traders and an ambassador by the Muslims
- In 1221...
- Central Asia was under the mongol's control
- What made Ghengis such a great conquerer?
-
1. brilliant organizer
2. a gifted strategist
3. adopted new weapons and technologies used by enemies
4. used cruelty as a weapon - When did Ghengis die and why?
- Ghengis died in 1227 because he was ill
- How did the great Mongolian empire continue to expand after the death of Ghengis Khan?
- His seccessors continued to expand the empire
- How long did it take the mongols to conquer territory from china to poland?
- less than 50 years
- The ------- ------- land empire in history
- largest unified
- Who is Ogadai?
- Ghengis's son, became the Great Khan
- What does a Khan do?
- A Khan heads the whole entire empire!
- How was the conquest of China completed?
- Armies were sent S,E,W and into Korea
- When did Ogadai die?
- 1241
- 1260
- Mongolian empire divided into 4 Khanates
- What were the 4 Khanates and where were they?
-
1. Khanate of Great Khan (mongolia+china)
2. Khanate of Chagatai (Central Asia)
3. Ilkhanate (Persia)
4. Khanate of the Golden Horde (Russia) - Who is Kublai Khan?
- the great grandson of Ghengis Khan, named himself the great khan in 1260
- What happened to many of the areas that were invaded by the mongols?
- they never recovered from the damage
- What was the effect of the growing cultural differences in the empire?
- the differences contributed to the splitting of the empire
- mid 1200- mid 1300 =
- empire stable enough and could order all of Eurasia
- What is the "Mongol Peace"?
- the time between the mid 1200's - mid 1300's when the empire was so strong that it could rule and law all of eurasia
- When was the trade the strongest and most active between Europe and Asia?
- The time of the mongol peace
- What was believed to come from the mongols that devastated Europe in sthe mid 1300's?
- the bubonic plague
- What is a clan?
- a family group based on a common ancestor
- what is a yurt?
- a mobile mongolian housing
- What fashion was adopted by scholars of mongolia?
- long fingernails signifyed that the scholar did no manual labor (used for status)