Unit VIIA-Key Terms
Terms
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- petechia
- A pinpoint, nonraised, perfectly round, purplish red spot caused by intradermal or submucous haemorrhage.
- papule
- Elevated, palpable, firm, circumscribed, less than 1cm in diameter, brown, red, pink, tan, or bluish red in color. Ex: Warts, drug-related eruptions, & pigmented nevi.
- sequela
- Any lesion or affection following or caused by an attack of disease.
- coryza
- Runny nose.
- exanthem
- An eruptive disease or its symptomatic eruption.
- catarrhal
- Inflammation of a mucous membrane, with a free discharge (Hippocrates), especially such inflammation of the air passages of the head and throat.
- period of communicability
- The period of time that a illness is infectious.
- active immunity
- An organisms resistance to disease or infection, developed because the organisms immune system has produced antibodies after an infection or innoculation.
- paroxysmal
- Recurring in spasms or seizures.
- passive immunity
- Immunity acquired by the transfer from another animal of antibody or sensitised lymphocytes. Ex: Mother to baby.
- constitutional symptom
- A symptom indicating a systemic effect of a disease; e.g., weight loss.
- vesicle
- Elevated, circumscribed, superficial, filled with serous fluid, less than 1cm in diameter. Ex: Blisters & varicella.
- immunization
- A process that increases an organisms reaction to antigen and therefore improves its ability to resist or overcome infection.
- pustule
- Elevated, superficial, similar to vesicle but filled with purulent fluid. Ex: Impetigo, acne, & variola.
- incubation period
- The time from the moment of inoculation (exposure) to the development of the clinical manifestations of a particular infectious disease.
- macule
- Flat, nonpalpable, circumscribed, less than 1cm in diameter, brown, red, purple, white, or tan in color. Ex: Freckles, flat moles, rubella, & rubeola.
- vaccine
- A suspension of attenuated or killed microorganisms (bacteria, viruses or rickettsiae), administered for the prevention, amelioration or treatment of infectious diseases.
- antigen
- Virus coded cell surface antigens that appear soon after the infection of a cell by virus, but before virus replication has begun.
- antibody
- An immunoglobulin produced in response to a unique antigen.
- Koplik's spots
- Small red spot's on the buccal mucous membrane, in the centre of each of which may be seen, in a strong light, a minute bluish white speck; they occur early in measles (morbilli), before the skin eruption, and are regarded as a pathognomonic sign of the disease.
- prodromal signs
- The time during which a disease process has begun but is not yet clinically manifest.
- ecchymosis
- Localized red or purple discolorations caused by extravasation of blood into dermis and subcutaneous tissue.
- acquired immunity
- Immunity that results either from exposure to an antigen or from the passive injection of immunoglobulins.
- opisthotonos position
- A form of spasm in which the head and the heels are bent backward and the body bowed forward.
- enanthem
- A mucous membrane eruption, especially one occurring in connection with one of the exanthemas.
- communicable disease
- Any disease that is transmissible by infection or contagion directly or through the agency of a vector.