chp 2
Terms
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- CORTISOL
- the principle hormone in the group of steroid hormones, also known as hydrocortisone; stress increases production of cortisol.
- AUTOIMMUNE DISEASES
- failure of immune tolerance; activated T cells and antibodies attack the body's own tissue.
- PLASMA CELLS
- cells that develop from B cells and produce antibodies.
- HYPERSENSITIVITY
- an abnormal immune response and sensitivity to allergens such as pollens, dust, dog hair and certain foods.
- FIBRIN
- a plasma protein essential for blood-clotting
- AUTOANTIBODIES
- antibodies produced against self antigens
- PYOGENIC
- bacteria that cause pus formation
- SUPPRESSOR T CELLS
- the type of T cell that controls the immune response
- LEUKOCYTES
- white blood cells; WBCs
- SUPPURATIVE
- a type of inflammation associated w/ pus formation
- ANTIBODIES
- protein secreted by plasma cells that aid in defense against infectious agents.
- HYPEREMIA
- increased bloodflow to an injured area, causing heat and redness associated w/ inflammation
- CHEMOTAXIS
- the attraction of WBCs to the site of inflammation
- ADHESIONS
- connective tissue fibers that anchor adjacent structures together; a kinking of the intestines
- EPINEPHRINE
- the hormone secreted by the adrenal medulla in emergency situations or during periods of high stress; also used as a drug to dilate bronchioles in some asthma attacks.
- ACQUIRED IMMUNODEFICIENCY SYNDROME (AIDS)
- the deadly disease caused by HIV that destroys an individual's immune system, making the victim remarkably susceptible to infection
- BASOPHILS
- a type of WBC that promotes inflammation and participates in allergic responses.
- BRADYKININ
- substance released by damaged tissue that promotes inflammation
- LYMPHATIC SYSTEM
- an important part of the body's immunity, it consists of modes, organs, and a complex network of thin-walled capillaries carrying lymph fluid to help to maintain the internal fluid environment of the body.
- HISTAMINE
- a substance that causes the capillary walls to become more permeable
- NEUTROPHILS
- WBCs that fight against invading agents or injury.
- T LYMPHOCYTES
- provide cell-mediated immunity and are processed by the thymus gland.
- SEROTONIN
- one of many neurotransmitters involved in regulating mood, emotions, and behavior
- TOXOID
- a chemically altered toxin that stimulates an immune response.
- HELPER T CELLS
- T cells that help the immune system by increasing the activity of killer cells and stimulating the suppressor T cells
- Rh FACTOR
- antigen on erythrocyte, used for blood typing
- ALLERGY
- abnormal immunologic response to allergens such as pollen, dust, dog hair, and certain foods.
- DISCOID
- the mild form of lupus erythematosus in w/c red, raised, itchy lesions develop
- CYTOTOXIC T CELLS
- T cells, often called killer cells because of their capability to kill invading organisms.
- SCLERODERMA
- a chronic, progressive autoimmune disorder of the skin
- SYSTEMIC LUPUS ERYTHEMATOSUS (SLE)
- an autoimmune disease that not only affects the skin but also causes the deterioration of collagenous connective tissue.
- PASSIVE IMMUNITY
- doses of preformed antibodies from immune serum of an animal, usually a horse. This type of immunity is short-lived but acts immediately
- IMMUNITY
- is the ability of the body to defend itself against infectious agents, foreign cells, and even abnormal body cells, such as cancer cells.
- FIBROBLASTS
- connective tissue cells that produce fibers to ain in healing damaged tissue.
- B LYMPHOCYTES
- lymphocytes that produce antibodies in cell-mediated immunity.
- CHRONIC FATIGUE SYNDROME
- a disease that produces flulike symptoms, including severe and persistant fatique, muscle and joint pain, and fever.
- ACTIVATED LYMPHOCYTES
- WBCs that have been stimulated by antigens that include B and T cells.
- INTERFERON
- a group of substances that stimulates the immune system.
- MONOCYTES
- a type of WBC that aids in clearing pus.
- MAST CELLS
- cells found in connective tissue; they contain heparin, serotonin, bradykinin, and histamine
- ACTIVE IMMUNITY
- a type of artificial immunity; the person is given a vaccine or toxoid as the antigen, and he or she forms antibodies to counteract it.
- INFLAMMATORY EXUDATE
- fluid composed of plasma and white cells that escape from capillaries
- SPECIFIC DEFENSE
- defenses that are effective against particular identified foreign agents.
- HEPARIN
- an anticoagulant
- POLYMORPHS
- WBCs specialized to figtht against invading agents or injury.
- KELOID
- the healing that occurs after surgery or a severe burn, consisting of a hard, raised scar.
- LEUKOCYTOSIS
- the excessive production or white cells
- ANTIGEN
- a substance, usually foreign to the body w/c triggers the immune response
- CELL-MEDIATED IMMUNITY
- protection from infection provided by T cells
- IMMUNOGLOBULIN (Ig)
- antibodies
- MEMORY CELLS
- B lymphocytes that do not become plasma cells but remain dormant until reactivated by the same antigen.
- VACCINE
- a low dose of dead or deactivated bacteria or virus that stimulates an immune response.
- ANAPHYLACTIC SHOCK
- a severe inflammation brought on by a severe antigen-antibody reaction such as occurs in an incompatible blood tranfusion.
- HUMAN IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUS (HIV)
- the causative agent of AIDS; a retrovirus--that is, it carries its genetic information as RNA rather than DNA
- NONSPECIFIC DEFENSE
- defenses that are effective against any foreign agent that enters the body.
- HUMORAL IMMUNITY
- protection from infection provided by antibodies