Ch. 2 History Vocab
Terms
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- Theocracy
- a government in which the ruler is viewed as a divine figure; a government controlled by religious leaders
- Pyramid
- a massive structure with a rectangular base and 4 triangular sides, like those that were built in Egypt as burial places for Old Kingdom pharaohs
- Pharaoh
- a king of ancient Egypt, considered a god as well as a political and military leader
- Loess
- a fertile deposite of windblown soil
- Mummification
- a process of embalming and drying corpses to prevent them from decaying
- Cultural Diffusion
- the spreading of ideas or products from one culture to another
- Dynasty
- a series of rulers from a single family
- Harappan Civilization
- another name for the indus valley civilization that arose along the indus river, possibly as early as 7000 BC; characterized by sophisticated city planning
- Delta
- a marshy region formed by deposits of silt at the mouth of the river
- Fertile Crescent
- an arc of rich farmland in southwest asia, between the Persian Gulf and Mediterranean Sea
- Empire
- a political unit in which a number of peoples or countries are controlled by a single ruler
- Feudalism
- a political system in which nobles are granted the use of lands that legally belong to the king, in exchange for their loyalty, military service, and protection of the people who live on the land
- Narmer
- a king who is thought to have unified Egypt
- Polytheism
- a belief in many gods
- Subcontinent
- a large land mass that forms a distinct part of a continent
- Oracle Bones
- 1 of the animal bones or tortoise shells used by ancient Chinese priests to communicate with the gods
- Papyrus
- a tall reed that grows in the Nile delta, used by the ancient Egyptians to make a paperlike material for writing on
- Hammurabi
- he was a king and put together a written code of laws
- Mandate of Heaven
- in Chinese history, the divine approval thought to be the basis of royal authority
- Monsoons
- seasonal winds
- Hieroglyphics
- an ancient Egyptian writing system in which pictures were used to represent ideas and sounds
- Mesopotamia
- "land between the rivers"
- Dynastic Cycle
- the historical pattern of the rise, decline, and replacement of dynasties
- City-State
- a city and its surrounding lands functioning as an independent political unit