sciencetest
science test on mitosis, transport, cells, etc.
Terms
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- metaphase
- chromosomes line up in the middle of the cell called the equatorial plate;; anaphase-chromosomes are pulled apart
- alcoholic fermentation
- glucose (6c) -->2 pyruvic acids (3c)-->CO2, 2ATP, Ethyl Alcohol
- robert hooke
- coined the term "cell"
- when is energy resleased?
- when bonds between phosphates break
- lactic acid fermentation
- (in humans) leads to muscle fatigue
- transport
- the movement of moleules around a cell
- photosynthesis and aerobic resp. are _______
- __________=opposites
- phagocytosis
- surround food
- galileo galilei
- contributed to the discovery of the cell
- prophase
- -chromosomes become thick and visible -nuclear membrane disappears -spindle fibers begin to form -nucleus disappears
- anaerobic respiration
- requires no oxygen to break down glucose; glucose is broken down into - 2 ATP, CO2, alcohol/lactic acids
- what type of reproduction is mitosis?
- asexual reproduction;; both cells formed are genetically identical to one another
- formula for photosynthesis
- 6CO2 + 6H2O --> ATP, light, chloroplasts--> C6H12O6 + 6O2
- cell membrane
- allows small substances to go in and out of the cell (semi-permeable)
- osmosis
- the movement of water molecules around a cell membrane
- mitosis
- is the process by which the chromosomes in the nucleus of a cell replicate and divide to form two new cells
- types of active transport
- pinocytosis and phagocytosis
- photosynthesis products
- glucose, oxygen
- aerobic respiration
- requires oxygen to completely break down glucose; takes place in the mitochondria; the products are- CO2, H2O, 36 ATP/glucose (18x more efficient)
- rudolph virchow
- all cells come from other cells
- cytokinesis
- is the process in which the cytoplasm and the rest of the organelles are divided between the two new cells
- two waste products of anaerobic resp.
- CO2, alcohol, lactic acids
- cellular respiration
- the process of converting food energy into chemical energy
- passive transport
- the movement of molecules from high to low without the use of energy
- Schleiden + Schwann
- discovered that all living things are composed of cells
- light
- energized electrons (photons)
- steps of mitosis
- interphase, prophase, metaphase, telophase
- how many steps of mitosis?
- 4
- cell theory
- (1) all cells come from other cells (2) all cells are basic unit of structure and function (3) all living things are made up of cells
- middle of the cell
- equatorial plate
- active transport
- the movement of molecules from low to high using energy
- lactic acid fermentation formula
- glucose (6c)-->2 pyruvic acids (6c)-->CO2, 2ATP, Lactic Acids
- two waste products of aerobic resp.
- CO2, H2O
- anaphase
- [[part of metaphase]] chromosomes are pulled apart
- structure of cell membrane
- 2 lipid layer (bilayer), fluid (moves), proteins carry molecules across membrane
- robert brown
- discovered the nucleus
- difussion
- the spreading out of molecules
- raw materials of photosynthesis
- CO2, H2O, light, chloroplasts, ATP
- replicate
- make a copy of themselves
- ATP
- energy is in the form of ATP (adenosine triphosphate)
- mitochonria
- the site of cellular respiration (make ATP)
- photosynthesis
- the converting of light energy into chemical energy
- pinocytosis
- suck in food (engulf)
- interphase
- -chromosomes replicate -cell grows and matures
- Anton van Leeuwenhoek
- invented a single lensed microscope
- wavelength
- the length between each wave
- telophase
- -two new cells -nucleus reappears -nucleolus reappears -spindle fibers disappear -cell plate forms a new cell wall (plants) -cell furrow pinches in to form two new cell membranes in animal cells
- cytoplasmic streaming
- the movement of cytoplasm
- 2 pathways of cellular respiration
- aerobic respiration and anaerobic respiration
- types of passive transport
- osmosis diffusion