Science Test Ch.15 & 16
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- When a stressful situation does not go away, can you restore homeostasis?
- No!
- What is a protein that speeds up chemical reactions in the body?
- an enzyme
- What muscles work to control movements inside your body?
- smooth
- What nutrient is needed for the body's vital processes?
- water
- When should you begin to take precautions against calcium loss?
- now
- What is the body's longest bone?
- femur
- What does the liver produce?
- bile
- What is the body's tendency to keep an internal balance (the process by which an organisms' internal enviroment is kept stable in spite of changes in the external enviroment)?
- Homeostasis
- What is a thick, slippery substance produced by the body?
- mucus
- What is a strong connective tissue that attaches muscle to bone?
- tendon
- Which of the intestines is lined with villi?
- small
- What are some of the structures in the skin?
- sweat glands, pores, hair follicles,
- Where is bile produced?
- in the liver
- What are the functions of the skin?
- prevent loss of water, protect you, regulate body temperature, produce vitamin D
- What tissue provides support for your body and connects all its parts?
- connective
- What are the two types of marrow?
- red and yellow
- What are the four kinds of joints?
- ball-and-socket joint, hinge joint, gliding joint, pivet joint
- Which intestine is directly attached to the stomach and receives bile and enzymes from the other organs?
- small
- How many main bones make up the leg?
- 3
- What breaks down medicines and eliminates nitrogen from the body?
- liver
- How can you maintain homeostasis?
- By eating and drinking regularly
- What fats are solid at room temperature?
- saturated
- What are the six kinds of nutrients necessary fro human health?
- carbs, fats, minerals, vitamins, water, and proteins
- What tissue makes up organs that are able to contract or shorten?
- muscle
- What are the three types of muscles?
- smooth, skeletal, cardiac
- Where is melanin produced?
- in the epidermis
- When does calcium loss generally begin?
- early in life
- Where is bile stored?
- in the gallbladder
- What are some of the things that upset homeostasis?
- stress, not eating or drinking
- What is the reaction of your mind to threatening, challenging, or disturbing events?
- stress
- What are sugars?
- simple carbohydrates
- What is the last section of the digestive system?
- large
- Which kind of joint allows the elbow to swing back and forth?
- hinge joint
- Are vitamins needed in small amounts?
- yes
- How is calcium carried through the body?
- through the circulatory system
- What tissue makes up the organs that send messages to control the body?
- nerve
- What muscles are attached to the skeleton?
- skeletal
- What is the largest and heaviest organ inside the body?
- liver
- Where do chemical and mechanical digestion begin?
- in the mouth
- What is the short tube where the large intestine ends?
- rectum
- What are made of long chains of amino acids?
- proteins
- What is chemical digestion accomplished by?
- enzymes
- What fats are liquid at room temperature?
- unsaturated
- Which kind of joint allows bones to slide?
- gliding joint
- What produces enzymes that flow into the small intestine?
- pancreas
- What are the four types of tissues?
- connective, muscle, nerve, and epithelial
- What is the largest organ in the human body?
- liver
- What do nutrients provide that is necessary for body processes?
- raw materials, and energy
- What are waves of muscle contractions?
- peristalsis
- Where does almost all chemical digestion and absorption of nutrients takes place?
- small intestine
- Which intestine prepares wastes for elimination from the body?
- large
- Which intestine conatins bacteria that feed on material passing through?
- large
- What is a strong connective tissue that holds the bones together in a movable joint?
- joint
- What is the most important nutrient?
- water
- What are the 26 small bones that make up your spine called?
- vertebrae
- What makes it possible for you to move?
- Joints
- What tube connects the mouth and the stomach?
- esophagus
- Where does most mechanical digestion occur?
- stomach
- What is the difference between children's bones and adult's bones?
- children's - no cartilage.
- Are minerals needed in small amounts?
- yes
- Are proteins from plant sources complete or incomplete?
- incomplete
- What are the layers of the skin from top to bottom?
- epidermis, dermis
- Which joint allows movement in all directions?
- ball-and-socket joint
- Where is the place where waste materials are compressed into a solid form?
- rectum
- What is the first part of the small intestine?
- pancreas
- What is a pigment that gives skin color?
- melanin
- What is an indication on a food label of how the nutritional of a food fits into the diet of a person who consumes a total of 2,000 Calories a day?
- Percent Daily Value
- What are the three main functions of the digestive system?
- Breaks down food into molecules the body can use. Then molecules are absorbed into blood and carried throughout cody. Finally, wastes are eliminated
- Where is saliva located?
- motuh
- Are proteins from animal sources complete or incomplete?
- complete
- What is a wavy, fatlike substance found only in animal products?
- cholestrol
- Wat is the difference between voluntary and involuntary muscles?
- voluntary - choose/involuntary- automatic
- What are the functions of the skeleton?
- provides shape and support, enables movement, protects organs, produces bloodcells, stores necessary materials
- What are fibers and starches?
- complex carbohydrates
- What happens to your bones if they lose calcium
- are weakened and can break
- What are nutrients not made by living things?
- minerals
- What are the levels of organization in the human body? (from smallest to largest)
- cells, tissues, organs, organ systems
- What is the esophagus lined with?
- mucus
- What does the body use calcium for?
- regulating cells, helping muscles contract, helping control heart rate, building bones
- What is the joint beween the femur and the hip?
- ball-and-socket joint
- What tissue is lined on the inside of the digestive system?
- epithelial
- What nutrient accounts for 65% of the average person's body weight?
- water