biology test 11-20-07
parts of cell
Terms
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- nucleus
- contains nearly all of cell's DNA, directs all cellular activities
- vacuole
- saclike structure often used to store materials
- lysosome
- filled with enzymes used to break down food into particles that can be used, breaks down "worn out" cell parts
- golgi apparatus
- modifies, sorts, and packages materials from the endoplasmic reticulum
- microtubules
- part of the "cytoskeleton" of animal cells that give it support
- chloroplast
- contains the green pigment chlorophyll, photosynthesis
- mitochondria
- carries out cellular respiration; breaks down glucose to release its energy for the cell
- cell wall
- mostly made of cellulose; found only in plant cells
- nucleolus
- found inside the nucleus; makes ribosomes
- cell membrane
- protects the cells and regulates what materials enter and leave the cell, gives the cell shape
- endoplasmic reticulum
- made up of two types; rough and smooth, internal membrane system in which components of cell membrane and some proteins are constructed
- ribosome
- produces proteins by following coded instruction from nucleus
- cytoplasm
- portion of the cell between the cell membrane and the nucleus, colloidal substance