Trauma 2
Terms
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- Kinetics
- is a branch of physics dealing wiht forces of objects in motion
- Inertia, newtons first law
- tendency of an object to remain at rest or in motion unless acted upon by an external force
- motion
- the process of changing place, movement
- Kinetic energy
-
the energy an object has while it is in motion,
I is related to the objects mass and velocity - Velocity
- the rate of motion in a particular direction in relation to time
- Kinetic Energy formula
-
weight x speed squared
divided by 2 - Force
- mass x acceleration
- the five types of vehicle impacts
-
frontal, lateral, rotational
rear-end, and rollover - caliber
- the size of a bullet
- yaw
- swing or wobble
- drage
- the forces acting on a progectile
- cavitation
- the outward motion of tissue due to t a projecdtiles passage resulting in a temporary cavity and vacuum
- Pelvic fracture accounts for how much blood loss
- up to 2000 ml
- femoral fractures account for how much blood loss
- up to 1500
- Tibial/ fibular and humeral fractures may account for as much as how much blood loss
- up to 500 ml
- what is the most commonly fractured bone in the human body
- clavicle
- what kind of fracture is most likely going to be an open fracture
- Tibia
- what are the risks in a joint fracture
- this area is very vascular and inervated much more than a shaft fracture
- what is the most common cause of trauma death
- head trauma
- what is the usuall pressure in the brain
- 10 mmhg
- increased CO2 causes the cerebral arteries to do what
- dilate
- decreased CO2 in the cerebral arteries causes what
- vasoconstriction
- what is the cushings triad
-
high blood pressure
irregular respirations
slow pulse - what should be the ventilation rate and end tidal CO2 range for patients with signs fo brain herniation
-
20 breaths per min
30 to 35 for ETCO2 - the minimum blood pressure necessary to maintain cerbral perfusion in the adult patient with serious head injury is
- 90 mmhg
- Why is Atropine a desirable adjunct to rapid sequence intubation
-
It reduces vagal stimulation
It reduces airway secretions
It reduces fasciculations
It helps maintain heart rate during intubation - where does the spinal cord end
- between L1 and L2
- How many bones in the cervicle spine
- 7
- how many bones in the thoracic vertebrae
- 12
- how many bones in the lumbar spine
- 5
- how many bones in the sacrum
- 5
- how many bones in the coccyx
- 3 to 5 fused bones
-
the collar region inervates
what area of the spine - C3
- the nipple line inervates what area of the spine
- T4
- the umbilicus inervates what area of the spine
- T10
- Central cord syndrome
- related to hyperextension injuries
- Anterior cord syndrome
- damage due to bone fragments or pressure on the arteries that perfuse the anterior portion of the cord
- Brown Sequard syndrome
- penetrating injury that affects one side of the cord
- more than half of all spinal cord injuries are found where
- cervical spine
- A hemothorax can hold up to what volume of blood from a hemothorax
- 1500 ml
- extensive pulmonary contusion can result in how much blood loss
- 1500ml