Hinduism
Terms
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- Ramayana
- A Sanskrit epic traditionally attributed to Valmiki that concerns the banishment of Rama from his kingdom, the abduction of his wife Sita by a demon and her rescue, and Rama's eventual restoration to the throne.
- Bhagavad-Gita
- A sacred Hindu text that is incorporated into the Mahabharata and takes the form of a philosophical dialogue in which Krishna instructs the prince Arjuna in ethical matters and the nature of God.
- Vardhamana Mahavira
- The principal founder of Jainism.
- Major Theme
- Unity and Disunity
- Siddharta Gautama
- The founder of Buddhism. [Hes the Wondering stranger.]
- Gupta Empire
- One of the largest political and military empires in India.
- Samsara
- The eternal cycle of birth, suffering, death, and rebirth; reincarnation.
- Maurya Empire
- An empire that thrived because of the Ganges River.
- Chandragupta
- Founder of the Maurya Empire. Used force to get people to follow him and was very harsh and strict.
- Shah Jahan
- The fifth emperor of the Mughal Empire and reached its zenith in prosperity and luxury. He is remembered as the builder of the Taj Mahal.
- The Eightfold Path
- [1] Right understanding (faith in the Buddhist view of existence) [2] Right thought (the resolve to practice the faith), [3] right speech (avoidance of falsehoods, slander, and abuse) [4] right action (abstention from taking life, stealing, and improper sexual behavior) [5] Right livelihood (rejection of occupations not in keeping with Buddhist principles), [6] Right effort (development of good mental states) [7] Right mindfulness (awareness of body, feelings, and thought) [8] Right concentration (meditation).
- Varnas/ jatis (Caste System)
- The social caste system in Hinduism, where the parts of the body of a god is the ranking of the people.
- Asceticism
- The principles and practices of an ascetic; extreme self-denial and austerity.
- Sikhism
- A religion that came out of India and tried to combine Hinduism and Islam.
- Moksha
- The highest purpose of life.
- Akbar
- Emperor of the Mughal Empire and conquered much of the empire.
- Jainism
- An ascetic religion of India, founded in the sixth century B.C., that teaches the immortality and transmigration of the soul and denies the existence of a perfect or supreme being.
- Buddhism
- The teaching of Buddha that life is permeated with suffering caused by desire, that suffering ceases when desire ceases, and that enlightenment obtained through right conduct, wisdom, and meditation releases one from desire, suffering, and rebirth.
- Atman
- The single absolute being pervading the universe and found within the individual
- Four Noble Truths
- [1] Existence is suffering [2] Desire or thirst is the cause [3] You can stop suffering [4] You can stop suffering through the eight fold path
- Ahimsa
- A Buddhist and Hindu doctrine expressing belief in the sacredness of all living creatures and urging the avoidance of harm and violence.
- Nirvana
- Ultimate goal to reach in Buddhism. Complete and total peace.
- Mahabharata
- - A Sanskrit epic principally concerning the dynastic struggle and civil war between the Pandavas and the Kauravas
- Dharma
- Principle or law that orders the universe.
- Mughal Empire
- A Muslim Empire in India
- Ashoka
- An emperor of the Maurya empire who was very tolerant and nice therefore winning the trust and prosperity of the land.
- Karma
- What goes around, comes around.
- Upanishads
- Any of a group of philosophical treaties contributing to the theology of ancient Hinduism, elaborating on the earlier Vedas.
- Brahman
- The holy or sacred power that is the source and sustainer of the universe.