Clas 90
Terms
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- 1900-1700
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Patriarchal Age, time of Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob
(Genesis 12-36) - 1280
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Exodus, out of Egypt.
(Exodus) - 1225-1020
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Period of Judges of Deborah, Gideon, Jepthath, and Samson.
(Judges) - 1020
- Kingdom of Israel request a king. God choses Saul.
- 1000
- David appears as Saul's sucessor again chosen by God.
- 961
- Solomon (david's son) is king.
- 922
- Divided Israel Kingdom
- 869-850
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Ahab marries Jezebel (worshipper of Baal). Created altar for Baal in Samaria, angered God more than any other. Also sacrifices his own child for a building.
Elijiah v. Ahab
(I Kings 16-19) - 612
- Fall of Ninevah. King of Media and Babylon destroy Nineveh. Assyrian Empire falls, begins rise of Babylonian Empire.
- 587/586
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Revolt of Zedekiah.
Babylonians punish revolters by destruction of Jerusalem: temples and exhile.
586 Jerusalem destroyed. - 547
- Cyrus combines Media and Persia (Iran).
- 683
- 3 Archons
- 621
- Drakon's law code - made law accessible to ppl. Punishment death.
- 594
- Solon's Reform
- 546-527
- Tyranny of Perisistratos
- 508
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Reforms of Kleisthenes.
Radical Athenian Democracy. - 490
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Battle of Marathon.
hero Militiades v. Darios, King of Persia. - 480
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Battle of Salamis.
hero Themistokles v. Xerxes, King of Persia - 479
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Battle of Plataia.
Spartan victory.
Walls rebuilt and Delian confederacy by Themistokles. - 480-479
- Persian invasion ended.
- 454
- Delian treasury transferred to Athens. Delian League now a part of the Athenian Empire.
- 431
- King Archidamus invades Attica w/ Peloponnesian League; Pericle's "Funeral Oration".
- 427
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Revolt of Mytilene:
"Debate of Cleon and Diodotus" - 416
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Destruction of Melos:
"Melian Dialogue" - 415-413
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Sicilian Expedition.
(Alicibades, Lamachos, Nicias)
Defeat of Athenians at Syracuse. - 404
- Defeat of Athens. Spartan victory.
- 431-404
- Peloponnesian War
- Aetological
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giving a reason why.
Ex: Genesis and creation story. - Agora
- ancient Greek place of congregation
- Arete
- Greek term for virtue. Reaching highest potential by any means.
- Argumentum a fortiori
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arguement that suggests in comparision one thing to another is either greater or the other is greater than it.
Hebrew Bible. - Baal
- Ancient semetic god characterized by golden calf.
- Barak
- Israelite commander led by Deborah in Judges 4 but given more credit in Judges 5.
- Boule
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Part of Kleisthenes Reforms.
Athenian council.
500 members/10 tribes
50 ppl from each tribe a yr.
Rotate tribes head of Boule. - Deborah
- Female prophet/judge. She convinces Israelites to defeat the Caananites, but in Judges 5 her contribution is minimized for sake of poetry.
- Deme
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Part of Kleisthenes reforms.
Voting districts (174).
Born into district and kept it for life. - Do ut des
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I give that you may give.
Reciprocal agreement. - Ekklesia
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Part of Kleisthenes reforms.
Athenian assembly.
6,000-10,000 all business passed through here. - Ephor
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Part of Lycurgus.
5 checked on Spartan kings.
From apella. - Gerousia
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Part of Lycurgus.
Old men assemby
(28 men over 60)
part of Aristocracy. - Gomer
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Hosea's unfaithful wife.
Their relationship mirrors God's relationship w/ Israel. - Helot
- Person in servitude (a serf) in Ancient Sparta.
- Hill-Coast-Plain
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3 factions caused Athenian strife.
Hill - aristocratic landowner
Coast - rising merchants
Plain - endebted farmers
Kleisthenes reforms solved problems. - Hoplite
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Infantry type of warfare.
Most be able to afford own spear, cuirass, greaves and shield.
Tight lines. - Hyksos
- Semitic ppl who invaded Egypt and ruled 16th/17th BC
- JEDP
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"Documentary Hypothesis".
Pentateuch written by 4 separate sources.
J- uses God's proper name Jahweh
E- uses God's name Elohim
D- Deutronomy, instructional
P- Priestly - Jeroboam II
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Israelite ruler who worshipped Baal.
Critiqued by Hosea. - Krypetia
- secret organization of elite who controlled serf population.
- Lycurgus
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system of Spartan Government.
Named after legendary Spartan.
Divided power btw king, Spartan citizenship, gerousia, and ephors.
Can also be seen as a monarchy (king), aristocracy (Gerousia), and democracy (apella). - Nebucadrezzar
- king who captured and destroyed Jerusalem and exhiled the Isralites to Babylon.
- Omri
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Israel's king.
Moved capital to Samaria and son (Ahab) succeeded him. - Phalanx
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type of Macedonian warfare (256 men)
Similar to hoplite. - Philistines
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Aegean ppl who settled ancient Philistia 12th BC.
Opponents to Saul and David. - Rhetra
- laws of Spartan Lycurgus supposed to be Delphi oracles words. Favors gerousia.
- Samaria
- "City of Omri"
- Samuel
- Judge who annointed Israel's 1st king.
- Theodicy
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defend God's goodness w/ the existence of evil.
Ex: Job - To dikaion
- Thucydide's "the just"
- To sympheron
- Thucydide's "the expedient"
- Torah
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Genesis
Exodus
Leviticus
Numbers
Deuteronomy - Trireme
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Greek warship.
3 tiers of rowers.
Crew of 200=170 rowers+30 crewman and marines.