Lab 9 - Fishes
Terms
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copy deck
- fecundity
- inverse relationship between amount of parental care given and number of eggs produced by female
- Oviparous
- release unfertilized eggs and have fertlization and development outside female's body; nourishment for developing embryo comes from yolk sac within the egg
- Ovoviviparous
- internally fertilized eggs develop within mother's reproductive tract; egg relies entirely on supply of yolk; eggs are unshelled
- Viviparous
- embryo hatches within mother's womb or else develops a placenta connecting it to the mother; relies on mother for nourishment; fully developed young released at birth
- Sexual dimorphism
- distinct physical differences between the sexes
- Gonopodium
- modified anal fin used in reproduction to form a tube through which sperm are transferred to the female
- Annuli
- growth rings on the scale
- Ctenii
- comb-like teeth on the posterior edge of the scale
- Opercula
- gill covers; protection for the respiratory structures underneath; forces water over gills
- Lateral line
- row of scales with small holes; allows fish to detect disturbances in the water, locate prey and predators
- Neuromasts
- sensory organs within the water-filled canal connected to the lateral line; balance and equilibrium
- Cupula
- holds hair cells or neuromasts; extend into lateral line canal and bend with water disturbances
- Myomeres
- vertical segments of muscle
- Myocommata
- sheets of connective tissue running between myomeres to which they attach
- Haemal spine
- supports muscles
- Liver
- stores glycogen
- Gall bladder
- releases bile into the intestine which aids in the digestion of fats
- Pyloric Caeca
- 3 short finger-like projections that aid in digestion by secreting enzymes and assist the intestine in nutrient absorption
- Mesentary
- thin connective tissue that holds the internal organs together in the body cavity
- Spleen
- reservoir for blood and assists in destruction of red blood cells
- Air bladder
- used to make changes in buoyancy
- Kidney
- filters out metabolic wastes from blood and excretes them in urine
- Urinary bladder
- expels wastes to the external environment through urinary pore
- Atrium
- receives blood from sinus venosus
- Ventricle
- pumps blood out via the bulbus arteriorsus
- Sinus Venosus
- receives blood returning from the body via the right and left common cardinal veins
- Atrioventricular valve
- prevents back flow when ventricle contracts
- Ventral aorta
- receives blood from the bulbus arteriosus
- Common cardinal veins
- carry deoxygenated blood back to heart
- Single cycle
- blood is pumped from the heart to the respiratory apparatus (gills) and then to the body tissues from which it returns to the heart
- Otoliths
- structures within the inner ear encased in fluid-filled sacs which vibrate from sound waves
- Semicircular canals
- aid in balance and orientation to gravity
- Optic lobes
- assists in visual perception
- Olfactory lobes
- assists in olfaction
- Auricular lobes
- assists in hearing
- Saccule
- large sac near semicircular canals containing the otolith