A&P QUESTIONS
Terms
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- What are the four stages of digestive function?
- ingestion, digestion, absorption, defecation.
- Def of ingestion?
- The selective intake of food.
- Def of digestion?
- The mechanical and chemical breakdown of food into a form usable by the body.
- Def of absorption?
- The uptake of nutrient molecules into epithelial cells of the digestive tract and then into the blood or lymph.
- Def of defecation?
- The elimination of undigested residue.
- Two facets of the digestion stage?
- Mechanical and chemical
- The physical breakdown of food into smaller particles?
- Mechanical digestion
- A series of hydrolysis reactions that break dietary macromolecules into their monomers?
- Chemical digestion.
- Polysaccharides are broken down into?
- monosaccharides.
- Proteins are broken down into?
- amino acids.
- Fats are broken down into?
- glycerol and fatty acids.
- Nucleic acids are broken down into?
- nucleotides.
- Chemical digestion is carried out by the digestive enzymes produced by?
- Salivary glands, stomach, pancreas and small intestine.
- Digestion involves what three processes?
- Motility, secretion, and membrane transport.
- _____ releases enzymes, hormones, and other products that carry out or regulate digestion?
- Secretion.
- What are the two anatomical subdivisions of the digestive system?
- Digestive tract and accessory organs.
- The digestive tract extends from the _____ to the _____.
- Mouth to anus.
- The digestive tract includes?
- oral cavity, pharynx, esophagus, stomach, small intestines and large intestine.
- The stomach and intestines constitute the?
- G.I. tract.
- The esophagus, stomach, and intestines have a nervous network called?
- Enteric nervous system.
- _____ regulates digestive tract motility, secretion, and blood flow?
- Enteric nervous system.
- The mouth is known as the?
- oral or buccal cavity.
- Teeth are embedded in sockets called?
- Alveolus.
- Most of a tooth consists of hard yellowish tissue called?
- Dentin.
- Enamel is a living tissue? T/F
- False
- The meeting of the teeth when the mouth closes is called?
- occlusion.
- Dentin and cementum are living tissues that can regenerate? T/F?
- True
- _____ breaks food into pieces small enough to be swallowed and exposes more surface to the action of digestive enzymes.
- Mastication
- Enzyme of starch/amylose?
- Salivary amylase.
- Product of Salivary amylase?
- Dextrins/short chain starch.
- Production site of Salivary amylase?
- Salivary glands.
- Is product absorbed?
- yes into lacteals.
- Enzyme of Protein?
- Pepsin
- Product of Pepsin
- Polypeptides/ short proteins
- Production site of pepsin?
- Stomach
- Is it absorbed?
- yes into capillaries.
- Enzyme of lipid?
- Lipase
- Product of lipase?
- 3 Fatty acids and 1 glycerol.
- Production site of lipase?
- Pancrease
- Enzyme of polypeptides/short proteins?
- Trypsin, chymotrypsin, and carboxypeptidase?
- Product of Trypsin,chymotrypsin and carboxypeptidase?
- polypeptide fragments.
- Production site of Trypsin, chymotrypsin and carboxypeptidase?
- Pancreas
- Enzyme of Dextrins/short chain starch?
- Pancreatic amylase
- Product of pancreatic amylase?
- Maltose
- Production site of Pancreatic amylase?
- Pancreas
- Enzyme of polypeptide fragments?
- Peptidases
- Product of Peptidases?
- amino acids
- Production site of peptidases
- Small intestine epithelium.
- Enzyme of Maltose?
- Maltase.
- Product of maltase?
- Glucose
- Production site of Maltase ?
- Small intestine epithelium.
- Is this product absorbed?
- Yes into capillaries
- Enzyme of Sucrose?
- Sucrase
- Product of Sucrase?
- Gluctose and fructose
- Production site of Sucrase?
- Small intestine epithelium.
- Enzyme of Lactose?
- Lactase
- Products of Lactase?
- Glucose and galactose
- production site of Lactase?
- Small intestine epithelium
- Enzyme of lipids?
- Gastric lipase
- Product of lipids?
- 3 fatty acids and 1 glycerol
- Production site of lipids?
- Salivary glands