+ Specific Host Defenses + micro 3
Terms
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Humoral immune system
Cellular immune system - The immune system is divide into 2 parts called what?
- Humoral immune system
- Involves specific antibodies in the blood and lymph. (The body's humors) Produced by B cells.
- Cellular immune system
- Involves T cells. That do not produce antibodies but secrete cytokines.
- Specialized
- __________ lymphocytes respond to intracellular Ags.
- Thymus
- Where does the T come from in T cells?
- thymus gland
- T cells mature in the _______ _______. After maturation they migrate to lymphoid tissue.
- bursa
- Where does the B in B cells come from?
- bone marrow
- B cells mature in the ____ _______ and fetal liver.
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Innate
Acquired - What are the 2 kinds of immunity?
- Acquired Immunity
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Resistance to infection due to activity of antibodies.
a. Active immunity
b. Passive immunity - antibodies
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Acquired immunity
Resistance to infection due to activity of ___________. - Active immunity
- means individual is producing its own antibodies
- Passive immunity
- receiving pre-formed antibodies from someone or something else. (injection or transfusion)
- Naturally acquired Active Immunity
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Stimulus : Contact with a live microbe by natural processes e.g. infection; illness
Response: symptoms of disease or subclinical RXN. Active production of specific antibodies to the pathogen
Duration: Long term (months to years)sometimes life long. Lots of exceptions: e.g influenza - Contact with a live microbe by natural processes e.g. infection; illness
- What is the stimulus in the Naturally acquired Active Immunity?
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symptoms of disease or subclinical RXN.
Active production of specific antibodies to the pathogen - What is the response in naturally acquired active immunity?
- Long term (months to years)sometimes life long. Lots of exceptions: e.g influenza
- What is the duration of the naturally acquired active immunity?
- Artificially Acquired Active Immunity
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Antigen is intentionally introduced into the body.
1. Stimulus: Vaccines/Immunization
a. Killed pathogens (or their proteins alone)
b. Attenuated/weakened live pathogens
c. Inactivated toxins (toxoids)
2. Response: Production of specific antibodies without developing symptoms of disease (or prodromal symptoms only)
3. Duration: variable (months-years-life time) - Vaccines/Immunization
- What is the stimulus for artificially acquired active immunity?
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a. Killed pathogens (or their proteins alone)
b. Attenuated/weakened live pathogens
c. Inactivated toxins (toxoids) - What makes up vaccines or immunizations?
- Production of specific antibodies without developing symptoms of disease (or prodromal symptoms only)
- What is the response for artificially acquired active immunity?
- variable (months-years-life time)
- What is the duration for artificially acquired active immunity?
- Naturally acquired PASSIVE immunity
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1. Mother to fetus through the placenta (placental transfer) or in colostrum/milk during nursing. IgG antibody can cross the placenta.
2. Response: No immune response. Acquisition of antibody only.
3. Duration: short term (a few weeks to months) -
Naturally acquired PASSIVE immunity
Artificially Acquired PASSIVE immunity - What kind of immunity would have a response that had no immune response and acquisition of antibody only?
- Artificially Acquired PASSIVE immunity
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Duration: Very short (2-3 wks)
e.g. venomous snake bites, Tetanus, Hep. A, Diptheria, Botulism.