MCB Lab Practical 2
Terms
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- tissue
- a group of similar cells working together to perform a specific function
- organ
- structure composed of two or more tissues that performs an essential physological function
- system
- group of organs that are directly related to each other functionally
- organism
- composed of all its organ systems working together
- sperm cells
- head and tail
- tissues-4 types
- epithelial, muscle, nerve, connective
- epithelial tissue
- connected w/ tight junctions, have basement membrane, line and cover surfaces
- layer complexity-3
- simple, stratified, pseudostratified
- cell shapes-3
- squamous, cubiodal, columnar
- A
- A
- Simple squamous epithelia
- lining of blood vessels, nucleus, nuclear membrane, plasma membrane, cytoplasm,
- diameter of microscope
- 160 Mm, 400 Mm, 1600 Mm, 4000 Mm
- simple cubiodal epithelia
- glands
- simple columnar epithelia
- plain and ciliated, goblet cells, microvilli
- stratified squamous epithelia
- many layers, sking
- stratified columnar epithelia
- rare
- pseudostratified columnar epithelia
- plain and ciliated
- transitional epithelium
- bladder, cuboidal or squamous
- muscle cells-3 types
- skeletal, cardiac, and smooth
- striae
- bands in striated muscle
- syncytial
- multinucleated
- neuron-parts
- soma, nucleus, nissl bodies (dark specs), dendrite, axon
- connective tissue
- protein fibers, specialized cells, and ground substance
- areolar (loose) connective tissue
- collagenous fibers, elastic fibers, fibroblasts
- connective tissue proper
- elastin, collagen, reticular fibers
- connective tissue proper- fixed cells
- fibroblasts, adipose cells, reticular cells
- connective tissue- wandering cells
- leukocytes, plasma cells, mast cells, and macrophages
- adipose connective tissue
- fat vacuole
- areolar
- small space
- supporting connective tissue
- plasma or solid, strong, flexible ecm, cells born in lacunae, external covering capapble of generating new tissue
- blood
- eruthrocytes, leukocytes, platelets
- cartilage
- chondrocytes in lacuane, matrix, hyaline cartilage
- bone tissue
- compact bone & spongy bone
- Haversian system
- cylindrical component containing a haversian canal, lamellae, lacunae, canaliculi
- haversian canal
- hollow space in the middle of the haversian system containing nerves, blood vessels, and lymph vessels
- lamellae
- concentric rings around the haversian canal
- lacunae
- spider shaped cavities
- canaliculi
- minute hollow tunnels
- buffer for electrophoresis
- tris borate EDTA (TBE), pH 7.8
- DNA does what at neutral pH
- strongly negative, runs to the red electrode
- gel DNA goes thru
- agarose gel (.8%)
- DNA, fragment migration rate
- inversely proportional to the log of its size in base pairs
- restriction enzymes
- endonucleases that cleave both strands of DNA at very specific sequences of bases
- stain used for electrophoresis
- Methylene Blue Plus
- cofactors
- non-protein molecules or ions that bind to an enzume loosely and assist in biochemical transformations
- coenzymes
- organic cofactors that are bound covaltently to the enzume or exist freely in solution
- 4 common coenzymes
- NAD, NADP, FAD, ATP
- enzyme inhibitors
- competitve inhibitors, noncompetitive inhibitors, allosteric regulation
- catechol oxidase
- plant enzyme that catalyzes the conversion of the chemical catechol to a pigmented substance benzoquinone
- cellular respiration
- several enzyme-catalysed reactions that break down molecules
- glycolysis
- glycose is broken down into 2 pyruvate molecules
- fermentation
- a particular type of anaerobic respiration, in bodies, lactic acid, in yeast, ethanol
- mitosis
- nuclear division
- cytokinesis
- division of the cytoplasm
- somatic tissues
- mitotic dividing tissues
- somatic cell division
- another phrase for mitosis
- meiosis
- occurs in reproductive tissue
- reduction division
- another phrase for meiosis b/c each gamete only has 1/2 of the parent cell genetic material