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Med term Chapter 3

Terms

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Ankyl/o
bent, crooked, stiff
Arthr/o
Joint
Chondr/o
Cartilage
Cost/o
rib
Crani/o
skull
desis
Surgical fixation of bone or joint, to bind, tie together
kyph/o
bent, hump
lord/o
curve, or swayback bent
lysis
breakdown, separation, setting, free, destruction, loosening
myel/o
spinal cord, bone marrow
oss/e, oss/i, ost/o, oste/o
bone
scoli/o
curved, bent
spondyl/o
vertebrae, vertebral column, back bone
synovi/o, synov/o
synovial membrane, synovial, synovial fluid
-um
singular noun ending
acetabulum
cup-shaped cavity at the base of the hipbone
acetaminophen
medication that contrlos pain withour the sede effects of NSAIDs
Ankylosis
-- immobility and consolidation of a joint due to disease, injury, or surgical procedure
Ankylosing spondylitis
- a form of rheumatoid arthritis characterized by the progressive fusion of the vertebral bodies.
Arthrodesis
a surgical procedure to stiffen a joint; also known as fusion or surgical ankylosis
Arthroplasty
Surgical repair of a damaged joint
Arthroscopic
visual examination of the internal structure of ajoint using an arthroscope
Autologous
patient receives his own bone marrow, which was harvested before treatment began
Bursistis
inflammation of the bursa
Callus
bulging deposit that forms around the area of the break in a bone; also a thichening the skin that is caused by repeated rubbing
Chondroma
slow-growing benign tumor derived for cartilage cells
Chondromalacia
abnormal softening of the cartillage
Clavicle
Either of two slender bones that extend from the manubrium of the sternum to the acromion of the scapula
Comminuted fracture
a fracture in which the bone is splintered or crushed
Craniectomy
surgical removal of a portion of the skull
Craniostenosis
a malformation of the skull due to the premature closure of the cranial sutures
Craniotomy
a surgical incision or opening into the skull
Crepitation
the crackling sound heard when the ends of a broken bone move together
Dual x-ray
a low-exposure radiographic measurement of the spine and hips that is able to detect early signs of osteoposoris
Ewing’s sarcoma
a group of cancers that most frequently affects children or adolescents
Hallux valgusan
abnormal enlargement of the joint at the base of the great toe
Hemarthrosis
Accumulation of blood in a joint or joint cavity
Kyphosis
an abnormal increase in the outward curvature of the thoracic spine as viewed from the side
Laminectomy
The surgical removal of a lamina form a vertebra
Lordosis
abnormal increase in the forward curvature of the lumbar spine
Lumbago
pain of the lumbar region of the spine
Luxation
the total displacement of a bone fromits joint
Myeloma
a malignant tumor compopsed of blood-forming tissues of the bone marrow
Orthopedist
specializes in diagnosing and treating diseases and disorders involving the bones, joints, and muscles
Orthotics
the field of knowledge related to making and fitting orthopedic appliances
Osteitis
inflamation of the bone
Osteoarthritis
type of arthritis most commonly associated with aging
Osteochondroma
a benign bone tumor characterized by a cartilage capped bony growth that projectsfrom the surfaceof the affected bone
Osteoclasis
surgical fracture of a bone to correct a deformity
Osteomalacia
abnormal softening of a bone in adults
Osteomyelitis
inflammation of the bone marrow and adjacent bone
Osteopathic physician
a specialist who uses traditional medical treatment plus specializing in treating health problems by manipulation
Osteopenai
thinner than average bone density in ayoung person
Osteoporosis
a marked loss of bone density and an increase in bone porosity that is frequently associated with aging
Osteorrhaphy
surgical suturing or wiring together of bones
Osteotomy
surgical incision or sectioning of a bone
Paget’s disease
a disease of unknown cause that is characterized by extensive bone destruction followed by abnormal bone repair
patella
the bony anterior portion of the kneecap
Percutaneous vertebroplasty
a minimally invasive procedure performed to treat compression fracturesof the spine
Phalanges
The bones of the fingers
Podiatrist
specialist in diagnosing, treating, and correcting disorders of the foot
Popliteal
refers to the posterior surface of the knee
Rheumatism
general term for a variety of conditions characterized by inflammation and deterioration of connective tissues
Rheumatoid arthritis
autoimmune disorders in which synovial membranes are inflamed
Rickets
caused by calcium and vitamin d deficiencies in early childhood, rickets resultys in demineralized bones and related deformities
Sacroiliac
slightly movable articulation between the sacrum and posterior portion of the ilium
Scoliosis
abnormal lateral curvature of the spine
Spina bifida
a congenital defect that occurs during early pregnancy in which the spinal canal fails to close around the spinal cord
Spondylolisthesis
forward movement of the body of one of the lower lumbar vertebra on the vertebra below it or on the sacrum
Subluxation
the partial displacement of a bone from its joint
Synovectomy
surgical removal of a synovial membrane from a joint
Talipes
a congenital deformity in which the foot may be turned outward or inward
Thermal capsulorrhaphy
an arthroscopic technique in which hear is used to tighten the tissues involved in shoulder instability disorders
Vertebral column
the 26 vertebrae that make up the spinal column

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