Humanities pgs 285-358 & 411-414
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- The Renaissance from 1350 to 1500 was dominated by _______.
- Italy
- The massive decline of Europe's population in the 14th century is mainly attributed to __________.
- The Black Death, which swept over Europe during the latter half of the century.
- During the 14th cent, which of the following school of thought came under attack?
- scholasticism
- The 14th century witnessed a huge loss of life and dislocation, and an ensuing rise of _______________.
- mysticism
- A major difference between mysticism and scholasticism was to be found in the former's ______________.
- seperation of reason and absolution
- The Italian humanists of the 14th century believed that __________.
- man distinguished himself from all other animals in his capacity to use words to express himself, those induviduals who best expressed themselves were most human, and outer speech was a reflection of one's inner state.
- The leading center of humanistic studies during the 15th cent. was _____________.
- Florence
- The scholary endeavors of the humanists led them _____________________.
- gradually to develop a sense of change and development of historicity.
- The first of the Italian humanists is generally considered to be _________________.
- Petrarch
- The Florentine humanists deserve the credit for being the first thinkers in Europe since the fall of Rome to develop a _______________.
- Theory of republican government
- Petrarch's pioneering achievement included _______________.
- The developement of an appreciation for ancient life and thought in it's historical context.
- Contemporary political theory regarding a republic government can be traced back to the early works of ____________.
- Bruni
- The orgins of Bruni's theory of republican government can be traced back to the works of _________________.
- Aristotle and Cicero
- "Our form of governing the state aims at achieving liberty and equality for each and every citizen" Which of the following would lend support to the above?
- Bruni
- In his Oration of the Dignity of Man, Pico della Mirandola stresses ______________.
- Free will
- The old city hall in Florence, the Palazzo Vecchio, remains one of ________ architecture.
- Gothic
- In his Latin treatise On Architecture, Leon Battista Alberti asserts that the architecture and planning of cities should be based on a rational analysis of ____________.
- needs, site and climate.
- In his Latin treatise On Architecture, Leon Battista Alberti maintains that buildings should be considered hierarchy based on significance as follows:
- churches, civic and mercantile structures, housing (from most to least important)
- Leon Battista Alberti believed that perfection in architecture was achieved by emulating which of the following geometric forms?
- The square and circle
- The Italian fresco painter Giotto primarily _________________.
- Looked at nature for the source of his art.
- Filippo Brunelleschi was ______________.
- Responsible for the development of linear perspective.
- Linear perspective translates _____________.
- 3-D space onto a 2-D plane.
- The purpose of perspective as a tool of Christian art was to ________________.
- Engage the viewer in the scene presented.
- The work of Sandro Botticelli that best states in visual terms the spirit of the florentine Renaissance under Lorenzo de'Medici is _______________________.
- Primavera.
- Lorenzo de'Medici is best remembered today as a ________________.
- Poet and musician.
- An intimate bond between _______ and __________ was the goal of the Renaissance composers working in the company of the Italian humanists.
- word; tone
- Which of the following was not part of the music composer's art of the Renaissance as we know it today?
- harmonic modulation
- Which of the following discoveries enabled artists to produce lifelike 3-D paintings?
- Perspective
- Niccolo Machiavelli's most famous work, a political treatise, is entitled ________.
- The Prince.
- Niccolo Machiavelli's work deal with the problem central to any political thinker, the conflict between __________________.
- liberty and order.
- "The mortality of the successful ruler is unlike that of the private citizen" Machiavelli would have _____________.
- Wholly supported the above statement.
- Leonardo da Vinci was a(n) ______________________.
- architect, engineer, botanist, painter, and musican.
- Leonardo da Vinci studied ____________.
- Hydraulics, geology, and human anatomy.
- Leonardo da Vinci painted ______________________.
- The Mona Lisa, Adoration of the Magi, and The Madonna on the Rocks.
- Which of the following is not a work by Michelangelo?
- The Spearbearer.
- Michelangelo sought meaning primarily in _____________.
- Intense christianity.
- Northern humanism directed its attention to ____________.
- The ancient texts of the Christian religion.
- The Colloquies were writeen by the northern humanist _________________.
- Desiderius Erasmus.
- Erasmus believed that _______________________.
- Christian belief should be reflected in one's conduct.
- "The world has become my monastery" is a quotation from ______________________.
- Erasmus.
- Erasmus was the first great European writer to make use of ________________.
- The Printing Press.
- Which of the following believed that God predestined the human soul either to heaven or hell?
- Martin Luther and John Calvin.
- Martin Luther's translation of the Old and New Testaments served as the basis for _______________.
- The modern German language.
- Martin Luther's view differed from those of the Chruch on several issues. Which of the following statements reflects one of Luther's beliefs?
- No man can cooperate with God in his own salvation.
- In comparing Luther's beliefs with those of Erasmus, one sees that _____________________.
- Both men attacked not only Church abuses but doctrines as well.
- Michel de Montaigne was one of the first Europeans to understand and portray the __________ that the new travels and discoveries made possible.
- Cultural relativism
- Michel de Montaigne doubted ___________.
- The possibility of establishing certitude in religion and the power of reason to establish laws of nature and society in the world.
- The works of Shakespeare mainly reflect the ___________ culture.
- Renaissance- Reformation.
- Most of Shakespeare's plays were performed in ____________.
- The Globe Theater.
- Shakespeare's plays have been generally classified in four catagories: comedies, tragedieds, histories, and _____________.
- Romances.
- The typical theater audiences in Elizabethan England consisted of ____________.
- All social classes.