exercise 6
Terms
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- cartilage; fibrocartilage
- matrix similar to but less firm than that in hyaline cartilage; thick collagen fiber predominate
- cartilage; hyaline description
- amrphous but firm matrix; cllagen fibers form an imperceptible network; chondroblast produce the matrix and when mature lie in the lacune
- characteristics of connective tissue
- * vascular (except cartilage) * composed of many types of cells * ret deal of noncellular, nonliving matrix b/t the cells of CT
- characteristics that distinguih epithelial tissue:
- 1. polarity 2. cellularity and specialized contacts: cells fit closely together to form membranes and are bound by specialized junctions 3. ssuported by connective tissue 4. avascularity 5. quick regeneration
- Connective tissue
- found in all parts of body ; most abundant and widely distributed of tissue types
- connective tissue proper: loose CT, areolar description
- gel-like matrix w/ all 3 fiber ypes; cells: fibroblasts, macrophages, mast cells, and some white blood cells
- CTP: dense ct, dense irregular description
- primarily irregularly arrange collagen fibers; some elastic fibers; major cell type is the fibroblast
- CTP: dense ct, dense irregular function
- able to withstand tension exerted in many directions; provides structureal strength
- CTP: dense CT, dense regular
- attaches mmuscles to bones or to muscles; attaches bones to bones; withstands gret tensile stress when pulling fore is applied in one direction
- CTP: dense CT, dense regular description
- primarily parallel collagen fibers; a few elastin fibers; major cell type is the fibroblast
- CTP: dense CT, dense regular, location
- tendons, most ligaments, aponeuroses
- CTP: loose cr, adipose description
- matrix as in areolar, but very sparse; closely packed ADipocyes, or gat cells have nucleus pushed to the side b large fat droplet
- CTP: loose ct, adipose function
- provides reserve fuel; inulates against heat loss; supports and protects organs
- CTP: loose ct, adipose location
- under skin; around kindneys and eyeballs w/in abdomen; in breasts
- CTP: loose CT, areolar location
- widely distrubted under epithelia of body; forms lamina propria of mucous membranes; packages organs; surrounds capillaries
- CTP: loose ct, reticular
- network of reticular fibers ina typical loose ground substance; reticular cels lie on the network
- CTP: loose ct, reticular function
- fibers form a softinternal skeleton (stroma) that suports other cell types including white blood cells, mast cells, and macrophages
- CTP: loose CT, reticular location
- lymphoid organs
- CTP: loose CT; areolar function
- wraps and cushions organs; its macrophages phagoctize bactera; plays important role in iflammation; holds and conveys tissue fluid
- elastic cartilage description
- similar to hyaline cartilage, but more elastic fibers in matrix
- elastic cartilage function
- mainains the shape f a strucutre while allowing great fflexibilty
- elastic cartilage location
- supports the external ear; epiglottis
- endocrine glands
- lose duct as develop; secrete hormones directly into blood or lymphatic vessels
- epithelial tissue
- covers external surfaces, lines cavities ad tubules, generally marks off our "insides" from our outsides
- exocrine glands
- empty secrection onto the epithelial surface; goblet cells
- extracellular matrix
- nonliving material b/t cells; produced by cells; then extruded; responsible for the strength associated w/ ct; the more matrix, the more strength; more cells, less strenth
- Fibers of matrix
- provide support: collagen (white); most abundant elastic (yellow) reticular (fine collagen)
- fibrocartilage function
- tensile strength with the ability to absorb compresie shock
- fibrocartilage location
- intervertebral discs; pubic symphysis; discs of knee joint
- function of connective tissue
- protect, support, bind toether other tissues of the obdy
- functions of epithelial tissue
- protection, absorption, filtration, excretion, secretions, sensory reception
- goblet cells
- secrete mucus
- ground substance
- composed of interstitial fluid, cell adhesion proteins and proteo glycans. could be ligquid, semisolid, gel-like, or hard;
- hematopoietic tissue
- forms blood; replenishes the body's supply of red blood cells.
- hyaline cartilage function
- supports and reinforces; has resilien cushioning properties; resists compressive stress
- hyaline cartilage location
- forms most of the embryonic skeleton; covers the ends of long bones in joint cavities; forms costal cartilages of the ribs; cartilages of the nose, trachea, and larynx
- mast cll
- releases histamine that makes capillaries more permeable during inflammatory reaction
- pseudostratified columnar epithelium function
- secretion, particlarly of mucus; propulsion of mucus by ciliary action
- pseudostratified columnar epithelium location
- nonciliated type in males' sperm carrying ducts and ducts of large glands; ciliated variety lines the trachea, most of the upper respiratory tract
- pseudostratified epithelia
- simple columnar epithelia but cells vary in height and nuclei lie at dif levels so it looks like it is stratified; often ciliated
- simple columnar epithelium
- absorbtion; secretion of muucus, enzymes, and other substances; ciliated ype propels mucus (or reproductive cells) by ciliary action.
- simple cuboidle epithelium location
- kidney tubules; duct and secretory portions of small glands; ovary surface
- simple cuoidal epithelium function
- secretion and absorbtion
- simple squamous epithelium function
- allows passae of materials by difusion and filtration in sites where protection is not important; secretes lubricating substances in serosae
- simple squamous epithelium location
- kidney glomeruli; air sacs of lungs; lining of heart, blood vessels, and lymphatic vessels; lining of ventral body cavitiy
- stratified columnar
- rare in the body; small amount in male urethra and in large ducts of some glands
- stratified columnar function
- protection; secretion
- stratified cuboidal function
- protection
- stratified cuboidal location
- largest ducts f sweat glands, marrary glands, and salivary gands
- stratified squamous epithelium function
- protects underlyng tissues in areas subjected to abrasion
- stratified squamous epithelium location
- nonkeratinized tpe forms the moist linings of the esophagus, mouth, and vagina; keratinized variety forms the epidermis of the skin, a dry membrane
- transitional epithelium
- stratified squamous epithelium formed of rounded cells that can slide over one another to allow the organ to be stretched- ony in urinary system- flattened when full and rounded when empty
- Transitional epithelium function
- stretches readily and permits distension of urinary organ by contained urin
- transitional epithelium location
- lines the ureters, bladder, and part of the urethra
- 2 components of matrix?
- ground substance and fibers.
- 4 primary tissue types?
- epithelium, connective, nervous, muscle.
- 4 types of connective tissue (all have large amounts of matrix)?
- connective tissue proper, cartilage, bone, blood.
- What does adipose tissue do?
- It provides insulation for the body tissues and a source of stored food.
- What is areolar connective tissue?
- A soft packaging material which cushions and protects body organs; all other types of CT are variations of areolar; has all 3 fiber types.
- What does basal membrane (Basal lamina) do?
- Epithelial tissues are attached to the adhesive material secereted partly by the basal lamina and partly by the reticular lamina.
- What is a bone?
- Description: hard, calcified matrix containing many collagen fibers; osteocytes lie in lacunae. funcion: bone support and protect (by enclosing) provides levers for the muscles to act on; stores calcium and other minerals and fat; marrow inside bones.