BIO 1500: Plants
Terms
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- Mesophyll
- The photosynthetic tissue of a leaf, located between the upper and lower epidermis
- Vascular Bundle
- A strand of primary conductive plant tissue consisting essentially of xylem and phloem
- Cuticle
- The layer of cutin covering the epidermis of the aerial parts of plants
- Epidermis
- The outermost layer of cells covering the leaves and young parts of a plant
- Stoma
- One of the minute pores in the epidermis of a leaf or stem through which gases and water vapor pass
- Bundle Sheath
- A layer or region of cells surrounding a vascular bundle
- Stigma
- The pollen-receptive surface of a carpel or group of fused carpels, usually sticky. The apical end of the style where deposited pollen enters the pistil
- Petal
- A member of the inner whorl of non-fertile parts surrounding the fertile organs of a flower, usually soft and coloured conspicuously
- Anther
- The pollen-producing producing part of a flower. The part of the stamen that contains pollen; usually borne on a stalk.The part of a plant that produces the male gametes used in reproduction. pollen grains develop by meiosis providing half the genetic information required to produce the offspring
- Filament
- The part of the flower that holds the anther
- Androecuium
- The stamens of one flower collectively
- Corolla
- The petals of a flower collectively
- Stamen
- One of the male organs of a flower, consisting typically of a stalk (filament) and a pollen-bearing portion (anther)
- Sepal
- A member of the (usually green) outer whorl of non-fertile parts surrounding the fertile organs of a flower
- Calyx
- The sepals of one flower collectively
- Ovule
- A structure in seed plants which contains the megasporangium (nucellus), megaspore (embryo sac), a food store, and a coat, and develops into a seed after fertilization
- Receptacle
- The main stem of a flower (torus), in ferns, a main stem on which sporangia arise
- Carpel
- An organ at the centre of a flower, bearing one or more ovules and having its margins fused together or with other carpels to enclose the ovule in an ovary, and consisting also of a stigma and usually a style
- Style
- An elongated part of a carpel, or group of fused carpels, between the ovary and the stigma
- Ovary
- One of two small oval bodies situated on either side of the uterus on the posterior surface of the broad ligament
- Gynoecium
- The carpels of a flower collectively
- gametophyte
- A plant, or phase of a plants life cycle, that bears gametes
- Microgametophyte
- The male gametophyte produced by a microspore
- Megagametophyte
- The female gametophyte produced by a microspore
- Sporophyte
- Spore producing plant generation
- Meiosis
- The process of cell division in sexually reproducing organisms that reduces the number of chromosomes in reproductive cells from diploid to haploid, leading to the production of gametes
- Mitosis
- The process in cell division by which the nucleus divides, typically consisting of four stages, prophase, metaphase, anaphase, and telophase, and normally resulting in two new nuclei, each of which contains a complete copy of the parental chromosomes
- Dioecious
- Having the male and female reproductive structures on separate plants
- Monoecious
- Having the male and female reproductive structures on the same plant
- Dichogamous
- Having pistils and stamens that mature at different times, thus promoting cross-pollination rather than self-pollination
- Meristematic Tissues (Meristem)
-
The undifferentiated plant tissue from which new cells are formed, as that at the tip of a stem or root.
These tissues in a plant consist of small, densely packed cells that can keep dividing to form new cells. Give rise to permanent tissues and have the following characteristics:
the cells are small,
the cells walls are thin,
cells have large nuclei,
vacuoles are absent or very small, and
there are no intercellular spaces, dense cytoplams - Apical Meristem
- A meristem at the tip of a plant shoot or root that causes the shoot or root to increase in length