ANSC beef cattle
Terms
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- British Breeds
-
origin: British Isles
(compared to exotics:)
-mature and fatten at lighter market weights (1000-1150 lb)
-grow slower and have smaller mature size
-less muscular
-more fertile
-less calving difficulty
-live and have babies longer *used as maternal breeds in crossbreeding programs
Angus (Red Angus)
Hereford (Polled Hereford)
Shorthorn - Angus
-
Scotland. Black. Polled.
*most popular
-mature: 1150-1250 lbs
-good marbeling and carcass
-fertile, good milking, easy-calving moms
-polled
-pigmented skin - Hereford
-
red body, white extremities.
horned
mature: 1150 lbs
England
*2nd most popular breed
-range adaptable/hardiness
-fertility of girls under limited feed conditions
-moderate mature size
- bulls excellent libido
-good disposition - Polled Hereford
-
US (Iowa)
-larget framed but have less muscling
-poll is more "pointed" compared to being "flatter" on Herefords.
-pendulous sheath - Shorthorn
-
red, roan or white
horned and polled
mature: 1050 lbs
england
-easy calving females
- good disposition
-moderate cow size - Red Angus
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Red
Polled
mature: 1100 lbs
USA - not very popular
same characteristics as Angus - Continental Exotic Breeds
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origin: Contential Europe
compared to British Breeds:
-larger mature size
-later maturing
-heavier muscled, higher yielding carcass
-less fertile
-increased calving problems
-less marbling, lower quality grade - Charolais
-
creamy white
polled and horned
mature: 1550 lb
origin: france
*5th popular, 1st exotic in US
-heavy muscling
-rapid growth rate
-carcasses have good yield grades - Simmental
-
yellow to red and white
mostly horned
mature: 1500 lbs
Switzerland
*4th most popular in US (triple purpose in Europe)
-high milk production
-rapid growth rate
-could be sire or dam breed - Limousin
-
Golden red to light yellow
polled and horned
mature: 1300 lbs
France
most popular exotic breed
**highest yielding carcasses of all breeds
-easier calving than other exotics
-smaller cow size desirable for crossbreeding. (sire or dam breed) - Gelbvieh
-
yellow to golden red
polled and horned
mature: 1300 lbs
Western Germany
-rapid growth
-good carcass
-good moms (highest fertility, great milk production)
-dam breed in crossbreeding - Chianina
-
white to grey with black muzzle, feet and switch
horned
mature: 1700 lbs (largest breed of cattle in the world)
Italy
Rapid growth rate
ease of calving
use only in terminal crosses - Maine-Anjou
-
red and white
horned
mature: 1700 lbs
France - dual purpose breed
-rapid growth rate
-high milk production
-extreme calving difficulty - Salers
-
dark red
horned
mature: 1300
France (harsh mtns)
-easy calving*
-fertility
-fairly good milk production
-rugged
carcass = British breeds - Pinzgauer
-
chestnut brown with white topline, but and underline
horned
mature: 1350 lbs
Austria
-high milk production
-more fertile
-fewer calving problems
minor breed in US - Brahman and Brahman Crosses - characteristics
-
heat tolerance (have sweat glands, most cows don't)
parasite tolerance
crosses with British and Exotics produce high heterosis
nervous disposition
pendulous sheath
meat is tough
not addaptable to cold climate - Brahman
-
white. more than one breed.
horned
India
-ease of calving
-high heterosis with British breeds
-dam breed - Santa Gertrudis
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Red. polled and horned. USA - texas
- 5/8th Shorthorn and 3/8th Brahman
mature: 1450 lbs
1st beef breed in US
-rapid growth rate
-good milk production
-sire or dam breed - Brangus
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Black. Polled. USA.
5/8 Angus 3/8 Brahman
mature: 1300 lbs
good milk production
high fertility
dam breed - Beefmaster
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mostly red and white.
horned.
USA - 4/10 Brahman, 3/10 Hereford 3/10 Shorthorn
mature: 1300-1400 lbs
dam breed - brahman and brahman crosses - breeds
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Brahman
Santa Gertrudis
Brangus
Beefmaster