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ANSC beef cattle

Terms

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British Breeds
origin: British Isles
(compared to exotics:)
-mature and fatten at lighter market weights (1000-1150 lb)
-grow slower and have smaller mature size
-less muscular
-more fertile
-less calving difficulty
-live and have babies longer *used as maternal breeds in crossbreeding programs
Angus (Red Angus)
Hereford (Polled Hereford)
Shorthorn
Angus
Scotland. Black. Polled.
*most popular
-mature: 1150-1250 lbs
-good marbeling and carcass
-fertile, good milking, easy-calving moms
-polled
-pigmented skin
Hereford
red body, white extremities.
horned
mature: 1150 lbs
England
*2nd most popular breed
-range adaptable/hardiness
-fertility of girls under limited feed conditions
-moderate mature size
- bulls excellent libido
-good disposition
Polled Hereford
US (Iowa)
-larget framed but have less muscling
-poll is more "pointed" compared to being "flatter" on Herefords.
-pendulous sheath
Shorthorn
red, roan or white
horned and polled
mature: 1050 lbs
england
-easy calving females
- good disposition
-moderate cow size
Red Angus
Red
Polled
mature: 1100 lbs
USA - not very popular
same characteristics as Angus
Continental Exotic Breeds
origin: Contential Europe
compared to British Breeds:
-larger mature size
-later maturing
-heavier muscled, higher yielding carcass
-less fertile
-increased calving problems
-less marbling, lower quality grade
Charolais
creamy white
polled and horned
mature: 1550 lb
origin: france
*5th popular, 1st exotic in US
-heavy muscling
-rapid growth rate
-carcasses have good yield grades
Simmental
yellow to red and white
mostly horned
mature: 1500 lbs
Switzerland
*4th most popular in US (triple purpose in Europe)
-high milk production
-rapid growth rate
-could be sire or dam breed
Limousin
Golden red to light yellow
polled and horned
mature: 1300 lbs
France
most popular exotic breed
**highest yielding carcasses of all breeds
-easier calving than other exotics
-smaller cow size desirable for crossbreeding. (sire or dam breed)
Gelbvieh
yellow to golden red
polled and horned
mature: 1300 lbs
Western Germany
-rapid growth
-good carcass
-good moms (highest fertility, great milk production)
-dam breed in crossbreeding
Chianina
white to grey with black muzzle, feet and switch
horned
mature: 1700 lbs (largest breed of cattle in the world)
Italy
Rapid growth rate
ease of calving
use only in terminal crosses
Maine-Anjou
red and white
horned
mature: 1700 lbs
France - dual purpose breed
-rapid growth rate
-high milk production
-extreme calving difficulty
Salers
dark red
horned
mature: 1300
France (harsh mtns)
-easy calving*
-fertility
-fairly good milk production
-rugged
carcass = British breeds
Pinzgauer
chestnut brown with white topline, but and underline
horned
mature: 1350 lbs
Austria
-high milk production
-more fertile
-fewer calving problems
minor breed in US
Brahman and Brahman Crosses - characteristics
heat tolerance (have sweat glands, most cows don't)
parasite tolerance
crosses with British and Exotics produce high heterosis
nervous disposition
pendulous sheath
meat is tough
not addaptable to cold climate
Brahman
white. more than one breed.
horned
India
-ease of calving
-high heterosis with British breeds
-dam breed
Santa Gertrudis
Red. polled and horned. USA - texas
- 5/8th Shorthorn and 3/8th Brahman
mature: 1450 lbs
1st beef breed in US
-rapid growth rate
-good milk production
-sire or dam breed
Brangus
Black. Polled. USA.
5/8 Angus 3/8 Brahman
mature: 1300 lbs
good milk production
high fertility
dam breed
Beefmaster
mostly red and white.
horned.
USA - 4/10 Brahman, 3/10 Hereford 3/10 Shorthorn
mature: 1300-1400 lbs
dam breed
brahman and brahman crosses - breeds
Brahman
Santa Gertrudis
Brangus
Beefmaster

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