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History ID Terms

Terms

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Sit Down Strikes
These were strikes in which workers sat down in the workplace to prevent strike-breakers from working
The Big Red Scare 1919-1920
The red scare was the fear and hatred on Communists and other radical groups. Strikes in 1919, the popularity of Communism in Europe and the depression caused an anti-left campaign in the U.S. It produced laws forbidding advocacy of violence. Factory owners took advantage of the scare by limiting union powers
Criminal Syndicalist Laws
Laws passed in states that outlawed syndicalism in response to anti-left sentiments from the red scare
Volstead Act 1919
Created a Prohibition Bureau within the treasury dept. It also attempted to enforce prohibition, but was under budgeted and ineffective
KDKA, Pittsburgh 1920
White supremacy, nativist, reactionary group that was against foreigners, Catholics, Jews and blacks. They had 5 million members by 1924 and dominated the political scene in the south. Later, the organization spread to other states. Their decline came soon after because of corruption
Election of 1920
Democratic nominee: James M. Cox- pushed for Leage of Nations
Republican nominee: Warren Harding- stressed return to normalcy.
Socialist candidate: Eugene Debs reciev ed nearly a million votes while in prison. Harding won by a landslide on the Return to Normalcy program with no U.S. participation in the League
Norris Muscle Shoals Bill 1920
Proposed the development of the Tennessee Valley and the construction of govt.-owned electric power plants. These plants would then compete with private companies and force private plants to lower their prices
Veteran's Bureau 1921
Created to administer pensions and give free hospitalization to veterans disabled during WW1
Bureau of Budget 1921
Created to halp the president plan a budget to be approved by congress. Helped reduce WW1 war debts
Capper-Volstead Act 1921
Exempted farming cooperatives from anti-trust legislation
Emergency Quota Act 1921
Act that limited new immigration by limiting yearly immigration to 3% of the population of a specific nationality living in the U.S. in 1910
Federal Farm Board 1929
Helped farmers by designating $500 million that could be loaned to farming cooperatives
Norris-LaGuardia Anti-Injunction Act 1932
Outlawed yellow dog contracts that were intended to restrict strikes.
Return to Normalcy
Harding's campaign slogan in the election of 1920. It was part of a reactionary movement against progressif=vism and resulted in the ultra-conservative politics of the 1920's
Alfred E. Smith
Liberal Democrat who was against a candidate in the election of 1928. He was Catholic and against prohibition
The lost Generation
Group of young American writers who gathered in Paris after WW1. They wrote about rebellious people, criticized society and attacked materialism.
Henry L. Mencken
Editor of The American Mercury, a magazine which reflected anger from betrayes idealists of the progressive movement
Throdore Dreiser
Wrote the American Tragedy, a book about the murder of a pregnant working girl by her ambitious lover
Sinclair Lewis
Wtore Main Street in 1920, a book that critixizes the hypocrisy of the people on small midwest farms. He wrote Babbit in 1922, which described the greed of business
Bruce Barton
New York Businessman who wrote The Man Nobody Knows in 1926. It suggested that Jesus was the greatest adman because he turned fishermen into apostles. Barton suggested using him as a model
Carl Sandburg
He was a bibliographer, pacifist, historian, and a poet who searched for meaning in American history. He won a pulitzer prize for a four-volume biography of Abe Lincoln that portrayed the president as a heroic figure in U.s. history
Modernism
it was a belief in the scientific explanation of the creation and figurative interpretation of the bible. this was the contempmorary way of thinking by the educated who used reason and experiments fo find out the truth
Sigmund Freud
He was a neurologist who developed psychoanalysis. He developed ideas on how the human mind works. He emphasized the importance of unconscious motives in behavior and divided the mind into the id, ego, and superego. He also justified the new sexual freedoms of the 1920's
Fundamentalism
This is the belief in the divine inspiration of every word in the Bible, the Genesis version of creation, and the resurrection of Jesus. This was the traditional way of thinking held by most people
William A. Sunday
He was an evangelist who preached revivalism, emphasizing individual faith rather than church doctrine
Henry Ford
He manufactured a gasoline-powered automobile and imporved the assembly line for mass production.
The Birth of a Nation 1915
It was a movie which promoted the resurrection of the KKK. It used revolutionary filming tequniques
The Jazz Singer 1927
Staring Al Jonson, this was the first talkie, ending the era of silent films. Sound was recorded onto a record and the picture and sound were played together simultaneously
Babe Ruth, Ty Cobb, Jack Dempsey
They were the first professional athletes who became larger than life celebrities. Their presence began an era of hero and idol worshipping
The Harlem Renaissance
an outpouring of black literature during the 1920's. It centered on the experiences of blacks in Northern cities and the rural South
Langston Hughes
He was the most famous of the Harlem Renaissance writers who was a poet and short writer who expressed the despair of blacks and demanded social justice. He wrote the Weary Blues in 1926
Knox Resolution 1921
Treaty between the U.S. and Germany that formally ended WW1
Marcus Garvey
Black leader who started the back to africa movement. He urged black economic cooperation and founded the Universal Negro Improvement Association (UNIA) which operated a chain of grocery stores and other businesses
Emergency Tariff Act 1921
This tariff was an attempt by the U.S. to protect home industries. It established huge tariff walls and raised duties on agricultural products in an effort to deter foreign products from entering the U.S.
Fordney-McCumber Tarrif 1922
This tarrif raised duties on imports and began a trend of high protection. It also allowed the President to raise or lower duties by some 50% and caused economic chaos in europe because U.S. markets were needed to rebuild european economies
Daws Plan 1924
Proposed by charles Dawes, it attempted to facilitate German reparation payments. By loaning $2100 million in gold bullion to Germany, the U.S. and its other Allies hoped to stabilize the German economy so that the Germans could pay off their debts
Kellogg-Griand pact 1928
pact signed by 62 nations who agreed to use war only for defensive purposes. It gave a false sense of security
London Naval conference 1930
This was a five power conference that defined limitations of battleships and submarine tonnage. France, Italy, and later Japan rejected the treaty
Young Plan 1929
Proposed by a committee chair, Owen Young, this plan removed allied economic control over Germany and reduced German reparations ot $16 billion

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