art midterm - amstudies
Terms
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- Realism took off the ....
- rose-colored glasses
- what three things made realism more 'real' than other works?
- accuracy, subject matter, and color and mood.
- what was the subject matter of Realism?
- facts od the modern world as they experienced it
- What was the accuracy of Realism like?
- precise imitation with no alteration
- What is the color and mood of Realism like?
- muted, dark, and almost somber look when portraying peasants and working class.
- Who painted Arrangement in Black and Grey and Nocturne in Black?
- Jame Whistler
- What does fauvism mean?
- wild beast
- what means 'to fool the eye?'
- Trompe l'Oeil
- Who painted Gassed?
- John Singer Sargent
- Who painted 'The Agnew Clinic'?
- Thomas Eakins
- How did the public recieve 'The Agnew Clinic'?
- considered it an anatomy lesson and a degradation of art. he was a butcher and it went completely over the line of what was acceptable.
- Who was the greatest painter America produced?
- Thomas Eakins
- Who worked with and made watercolors an important art medium?
- Winslow Homer
- Who painted 'Summer Night,' a piece that displays a mother and child walking on the beach and tells a story?
- winslow homer
- what are the four categories of photography?
- travel, war, documentary, portrait
- Who painted 'Old Refrain,' a Trompe l'Oeil piece of a violin hanging on a wall?
- William Harnett
- What did Thomas Eakins strive to do?
- get the anatomy right
- Who saw shapes and blocks of color rather than objects?
- James Whistler
- Name the realist artists...
- Homer, Whistler, Singer Sargent, Eakins, and Harnett
- who painted a Parisian socitey girl with her shoulders showing (risque)?
- Singer Sargent
- what continent was Impressionism mainly?
- Europe
- Who was the only American impressionist artist?
- Mary Casset
- Who was the first important female artist?
- Mary Casset
- Impressionism's thoughts on colors...
- color was not a permanent characteristic of an object and it was affected by the light
- what does impressionism represent?
- - an impression of a moment in time - an immediate visual sensation through color and light
- How did impressionists use color on the paper?
- they used pure colors side by side letting the viewers eyes mix the colors on their own.
- In impressionism shadows were never...
- grey and black. they were a mix of colors.
- Who was the Documentary photographer and former police reporter?
- Jacob Riis
- Who made the first surviving photographic image? what was it off?
- Niepce, a courtyard
- What ae the six elelments of art?
- line shape color/value form texture space
- What are the six principles of art?
- Balance emphasis/contrast movement proportion unity/variety rhythm/repitition/patterm
- What are the two types of line?
- implied: needed to draw but goes unnoticed decorative: obvious and part of composition
- What are the two types of shape?
- geometric: math class shapes, triangle, circle, square. 4 basic shapes- sphere cylinder, cube, cone Organic: shapes from nature
- What are complimentary colors?
- opposite on the color wheel
- What are analagous colors?
- next to each other on the color wheel
- what are monochromatic colors?
- tints and shades of one color
- What are neutral colors?
- black, white, grey, brown, tan
- What are primary colors?
- red, blue, yellow
- what are the secondary colors?
- orange, green, violet
- What is value?
- lightness and darkness of color
- What is form?
- making objects look 3-D
- What is texture?
- look of roughness
- what are the two types of texture?
- visual: looks rough but is flat Actual: is rough, can feel the texture
- what are the four tricks of space?
- perspective, lines from a vanishing point, size change, atmospheric perspective
- do all artists use the principles of art?
- no
- what are the two types of balance?
- symmetrical: same on both sides asymmetrical: different on both sides but still balanced
- what is emphasis?
- the focal point, the first thing you look at
- what is contrast?
- light against dark; bright against dull; etc...
- what is movement?
- how your eye travels across the painting
- What is actual movement? give examples?
- where an artist tries to catch movement. ex: de gas Dancers, war scene, boxers
- What is proportion?
- the relationship of objects in a painting.
- what is proportion based off of?
- realism: size they are in reality exaggerated: sizes are off for abstraction
- what is varitey?
- that which is different; contrast in colors and shape
- What is unity?
- elements of art used in a way thst mskes everything look like they belong together
- what is pattern/repitition?
- lines, shapes, and colors repeated in the exact same way
- what is rhythm?
- when some element in the painting is repeated to create a flow, movement is strong
- What is the main theme of Prehistoric art?
- was used as a language
- What was the first art form (prehistoric art)?
- sculpture
- What was the main theme of Egyptian art?
- art of immortality; life after death
- What characteristic was unique to Egyptian art?
- torso faces front , but face is in profile, one eye faces forward
- What was the Egyptians main concern with their art?
- providing a comfprtabl afterlife for the dead.
- What did Egyptian architecture surround?
- the pharoahs and their 'eternal glory'
- What were the main themes of the Art of Greece and Rome?
- age if paraclese, order, clarity, man's dignity and worth was central
- What was the explosion of Greece and Rome?
- creativity
- Greek architecture was...
- fit for the gods
- what culture made coasts of heads to further their empire?
- Roman
- Who was the Greek and Roman patron?
- government
- Who was the middle ages patron?
- church
- What culture made many wall paintings?
- Roman
- who took the best and used it as their own?
- Roman... created the Greco-Roman syle
- What are the three types of Middle ages art?
- Byzantine, Romanesque, and Gothic
- What culture was the Reign of Religion?
- The middle ages
- Which middle age Art type was Islamic and interested in the soul, not body?
- Byzantine
- What culture made the 'body beautiful'?
- Greek/Roman
- What time of the middle ages was a wave of church contruction?
- Romanesque
- What time of middle ages looked for a desire of continuous exoansion of light?
- Gothic
- What is the main theme of renaissance?
- Rebirth of art as realistic, an attitude shift to that of the Greeks
- Which culture/historic art period had vanitas (all is vanity) a their moral message?
- Baroque
- What was the ornat age?
- Baroque
- What was the main theme of Rococo
- lifestyles of the rich and famous?
- Who were the patrons of Baroque period?
- church and aristocracy
- time period and themes of 'the swing'?
- Rococo; naughty and superficial
- Who said photography would kill painting?
- Delaroche
- who invented the photo negative?
- William Talbots
- How did photography change art?
- made it available to the working class, anyone could do it, needed to show things are real.
- How did photography change to become art?
- smeared vasaline on chemicals, scratched negatives, put chemicals on to simulate brushstroke
- Who tried to break awy from amateur photographers?
- Alfred Steiglitz
- What is straight photography?
- was not manipulated, clearly focused, accepted reality, used shadows and turning the pictures
- who used straight photography?
- Strand
- What were the four changes in Art, influenced by Europe in 1890-1920
- form, color, subject, freedom
- What was the color and mood of the Romantic era?
- colorful inviting landscapes and cheerful genre
- what movement wanted to capture more substance and had a scientific as well emotional side?
- post-impressionism
- How did Seurat change art as people knew it?
- he liberated color
- who only did seven paintings in pointalism and assigned emotions to color?
- Seurat
- Who painted Starry Night and what was its movement?
- Van gogh; post-impressionism
- Who were the post-impressionism artists?
- Seurat; Gauguin; Cezanne; Van Gogh; Toulouse-Lautrec
- Who were the Expressionism artists?
- Munch; Kandinsky; Klee
- Who were the Symbolism artists?
- Redon; Roussau
- Who were the Fauvism artists?
- Derain; Dufy; Rouault
- Who fathered modern art?
- Picasso and Matisse
- Who painted 'The Scream'?
- Munch
- What was a mostly European movement that focused on extreme emotions through distorted color and form?
- Expressionism
- What was the forerunner of Surrealism and discarded surface appearance for imagination and differnt meaning?
- Symbolism
- What used intense, bright, clashing colors, distorted perspective and form, vigorous brushstrokes, sky yellow, ground purple, etc....
- Fauvism
- Who used dreamlike shapes and believed in expressing emotion in exaggerated technique? what was his movement?
- Klee; expressionism
- Who was the Russian painter that abandoned shape almost totally, used splashes of colors and heavy line, and did frehand improv along to music? What was his movement?
- Kandinsky; Expressionism
- Who was the post-impressionist artist that played with perspective, painted "Basket of Apples", and used formulas -was formalistic-?
- Cezanne
- What symbolist artist painted the jungle without first seeing it?
- Roussau
- What rule did Matisse break?
- color rule breaker
- What rules did Picasso break?
- space, shape, and perspective
- Who is the 'king of modern art'?
- Picasso
- What father of modern art painted with cubism?
- Picasso
- who experimented with abstraction and surrealism because he had mastered realism?
- Picasso
- Who used abstract shapes and collage after recovering from a surgery?
- Matisse
- Who used color to express emotions rather than to protray reality?
- Matisse
- What Ashcan Artist gave up baseball for painting
- Bellows
- Who were the Aschan Artists?
- Henri; Sloan; Glackens; Bellows; Luks
- Who were the precisionist artists?
- sheeler, demuth, O'Keefe
- who painnted the voyage of life series?
- thomas cole
- two dueling 'isms' in early america?
- neoclassicism and romanticism
- the role of art in neoclassicism?
- enlightenment and morally uplifting, inspirational
- neoclassicism was the age of...
- reason
- romanticism believed _________ is all.
- feeling
- romanticism showed the power of ....
- passion
- romanticism valued
- emotions, intutition, imagination, rebellion, freedom, truth, the individual
- noeclassicism valued...
- order, solemnity, reason, virtue
- subjects of neoclassicism
- greeka and roman history, mythology, history, patriotic figures
- romantic subjects...
- legends, medievl ideas, fantasy, horror, supernatural, nature, lanscapes, wild animals
- Age of Sensibility is what movement...
- romantic, being in touch with the senses
- who painted the raft of medusa
- theodore gericault
- three artistic advances in romanticism...
- chemical pigments, cllapseable tin tube, professional trade men prepared paint rather than artist
- two main subjects of romantic painting?
- nature natural man
- romantic time period saw through....
- rose colored glasses; better than they were.
- who created a bridge between neoclassic and romantic art?
- edward hicks
- romantic artist who painted people of the west, and native americans
- george caleb bingham
- painted 'dash for the timber'
- frederic remington
- members of the hudson river school
- thomas cole and albert bierstadt