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Infectious Final!

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associated with cervical carcinoma
HSV2
herpes labialis
HSV1
seen in poorer parts of the world and industrialized western nations
EBV
CNS abnormalities can lead to cerebral palsy, epilepsy and impaired hearing and sight
CMV
pharyngeal erythema and edema
HSV1
blood transfusions-most asymptomatic
CMV
photophobia
HSV2
B-lymphocytes are target cells
EBV
Burkitt's lymphoma
EBV
oral conact with fomites contaminated with saliva
CMV
Linear, double-stranded DNA
HSV1, HSV2, CMV, EBV
nasopharyngeal carcinoma
EBV
fever as high as 104 degrees
EBV
histopathological lesion is internuclear
HSV1, HSV2, CMV, EBv
sexually transmitted
HSV2
reproduces in host cell nucleus
HSV1
infectious mononucleosis
EBV
gingivostomatitis
HSV1
interstitial cell pneumonia
CMV
inguinal lymphadenopathy
HSV2
keratoconjunctivitis
HSV1
hepatosplenomegaly jaundice
CMV
common cause of worldwide infection; 95% of adults seropositive
EBV
herpes neonatorum
HSV2
pelvic inflammatory disease
Neisseria gonorrheae
opthalmia neonatorum
Neisseria gonorrheae
most common manifestation of tertiary syphilis
aortic aneurysm
inclusion conjunctivitis may be caused by
adults: swimming in an unchlorinated pool, contact with genital secretions

newborns: during passage through the birth canal.
infectious mono.
it is caused by the same virus that causes African Burkitt's Lymphoma
TRUE
infectious mono.
the abmormal circulating cells inflicted are T lymphocytes
FALSE
B lymphocytes
infectious mono.
microscopic changes produced in liver changes resemble viral hepatitis
TRUE
infectious mono.
exposure in childhood results in asymptomatic infection
TRUE
infectious mono.
microscopic changes produced in the lymph nodes resemble hodgkin's disease
FALSE
(what??)
sexually transmitted chlamydia produces all of the following problems except:
PID
acute epididymitis
genital elephantiasis
condylomata lata
rectal strictures (ouch!)
CONDYLOMATA LATA
ulcerated lesions on the penis occure in the acute form of all of the following STD infecrious diseases except:
herpes genitalis infection
syphilis
chancroid
granuloma inguinale
gonorrhea
gonorrhea
(has to do mostly with the balls)
infectious mono.
heterophile antibodies are virtually diagnostic
TRUE
no chronic carrier state known
HAV
possible outcomes of HBV (6)
transient subclinical infection
acute hepatitis
fulminant hepatitis
healthy carrier
persistent infection
chronic active hepatitis
most frequent reason for liver transplant in US, may be the leading infectious cause of chronic liver diseases in the western world
HCV
superinfection of HBV carrier may be self-limiting or lead to: severe hepatitis w/ high mortality rate & high rate of chronic active hepatitis in survivors
HDV
transmission fecal-oral, just like in HAV
HEV
STI's, 5 general characteristics
-worldwide distribution, humans only reservoir for infection
-most produce chronic sequelae, none evoke permanent protective immunity
-women suffer disporportionately more from STI than males
-most associated with direct sexual contact, a few transmitted verticall in utero (rare) during, or shortly after birth (common)
-in most industrialized nations, incidence has been declining for many years
various stresses may periodically reactivate disease which manifests as a cluster of vesicles around the mucocutaneous junction of the lips
HSV1
2nd most common STD
gonorrhea
genital herpes
HSV2
common worldwide, 90-95% of people are seropositive
EBV
most prevalent STI in the US (20-30 milion affected)
HPV, anogenital warts/Condyloma acuminatum
virus ascends lumbar and sacral sensory ganglia
HSV2
primary infection may be subclinical but severe disease often occurs, especially in females; oncogenic potential in association with cervical carcinoma
HSV2
greatest risk of intrapartum infection associated with active primary maternal infection, herpes neonatorum
HSV2
asceptic meningitis- usually mild and self-limiting
HSV2
transmission usually via oral contact-kissing. virus present in saliva and B cells
EBV
incubation 4-7 weeks
40 days with oral contraction
2wks with intravenous contraction
infectious mononucleosis/glandular fever
target cell B lymphocytes
infectious mononucleosis
cytomegalovirus/CMV
HHV5
are adults with CMV asymptomatic?
NO
perinatal infection aquired during delivery or from breast milk
CMV
clinically, resembles EBV mononucleosis but does not include pharyngitis, lymphadenopathy and heterophile antibody
CMV mononucleosis
once infected, after recovery, virus sheds sporadically for life in saliva and other secretions
CMV mononucleosis
oral contact with fomites contaminated with saliva transmits disease
CMV mononucleosis
infection of basal cells in stratified squamous epithelium, local proliferation, KOILOCYTOSIS (enlarged vacuolated cytoplasm with shrunken nuclei), lesions in women in transmormation zone b/n cervix & uterus.
HPV
atypical forms- flat, assc w/ risk of cervical, penile & anal carcinoma
anogenital warts/condyloma acuminatum (HPV)
type 16 accounts for half of cancer cases in US and Europe
HPV (anogenital warts)
DNA viruses
have oncogenic potential, can get into DNA
what STI is similar to HBV?
AIDS, secreted in breast milk (virus shed in breast milk)

blood borne
target cells are those with CD4 receptors (Tcells, macrophages, monocytes & LANGERHANS CELLS)
AIDS/HIV
likely vehicles for transport of HIC to lymph nodes and CNS
macrophages and monocytes
primary reservoir of infectious HIV virus
lymph nodes
middle/chronic/latent phase of AIDS/HIV
viral replication continues predominantly in lymphoid tissues, 7-10 yrs
final/crisis phase of AIDS/HIV
collapse of host defenses, increase in viremia, prolonged fever, fatique, wt loss, diarrhea.
CD4 cell count <500 (considered AIDS if <200)
AIDS related conditions
-kaposi's sarcoma
-B cell lymphomas
-cervical cancer
AIDS indicator infections (account for 80% of mortality)
-pneumocystis jiroveci (nee carinii) pneumonia (PCP)
-toxoplasmosis
-cryptosporidiosis
-candidiasis (C. albicans)
-cryptococccis, Histoplasmosis, Coccidioidomycosis
-CNV
-HSV
-Mycobacteriosis
leading cause of death amongs HIV positive in some african nations
TB
untreated disease spreads to posterior urethra & major glands of genital tract (prostate, seminal vesicles, epididymis, but NOT testis) NO orchitis
gonorrhea
may cause STERILITY, gonococcemia and arthritis
gonorrhea
most infections are genital but, rectal and pharyngeal also seen
gonorrhea
world's leading cause of treatable blindness
trachoma (infection caused by strain of Chlamydia trachomatis)
inclusion conjunctivitis- in newborns (passage through canal) & adults (unclorinated pools)
an infection caused by a strain of Chlamydia trachomatis
worst case scenario: blocked lymph nodes may lead to elephantiasis of the genitalia, esp. in women
Lymphogranuloma Venereum (LGV) (caused by Chlamydia)
syphilis, is a disease of...
blood vessels and perivascular areas: inflammation nof blood vessel endothelium blocks arteriole lumen causing obliterative endarteritis which underlies all damage seen
primary lesion of syphilis
chancre, typically on male penis, female vulva or cervix
condylomata lata
flat, reddish brown elevations, 2-3cm diameter with many organisms, appear around moist areas.
syphilis latent phase
most infections never progress beyond this point
syphilis tertiary phase involves...
-CV system most commonly, aortic aneurysm
-neurosyphilis
-SYPHILITIC GUMMA=localized lesions of liver, bones, testes, skin with characteristic rubbery, necrotic center.
Non syphilitic treponematoses
increasingly rare skin diseases geographically resricted to tropics, caused by organisms morphologically identical to T. pallidum. Evoke cross reacting antibodies, spread by non-venereal direct contact, no transplacental transmission.
congenital syphilis, marasmic infant
characteristic triad
1-interstitial keratitis and choroiditis
2-Hutchinson teeth (barrel incisors)
3-8th cranial nerve deafness
Pinta lesions
most commonly occur on hands, feet, and scalp. initially hyperpigmented, later depigmented in tertiary stage
Bejel
caused by Treponema pallidum endicum (endemic syphilis)
-lesions in oral cavity
chancroid (soft chancre) ulcers
may predispose one to infection with HIV
small blisters (strawberry mucosa)
Trichomoniasis (a protozoan infection)
loss of normal vaginal acidity predisposes one to symptomatic infection
trichomoniasis

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