bio final test
Terms
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- Pheromone
- chemical message between members of the same species
- Neuroendocrine
- neuron releases a chemical into the circulation
- Prostaglandins
- have diverse affects in local tissues, such has smooth muscle relaxation.
- Nitric oxide
- is a gas that causes effects in plants and animals. NO causes blood vessel dilation in animals.
- Growth factors
- stimulate cell growth and normal development (can also act on distant tissues, endocrine)
- examples of neurotransmitters
- Acetylcholine, GABA, and dopamine
- Stimulus
- (triggering condition) activates an endocrine gland (source of hormone) to secrete hormone
- Receptors
- are large proteins or glycoproteins that bind with signaling molecules.
- ligand
- is a signaling molecule that binds to a specific receptor. What are some examples of ligands?
- Domains
- are parts of a protein. Receptor proteins are made up different domains to bind ligand and to activate changes in the cell.
- Competition assays
- can be used to determine the selectivity of a receptor for its ligand.
- phytochromes
- Plants and animals have phytochromes that are activated by light
- rhodopsin
- Vision in animals involves rhodopsin which is activated by light
- up regulation
- decrease in number of receptors
- down regulation
- receptor increase in number of receptors)