Human Biology
Advance Science Vocab.
Terms
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- biodiversity
- The number and variety of living things found on Earth or within an ecosystem.
- extinction
- The permanent disappearence of a species.
- infancy
- The stage of life that bigens at birth and ends when a baby begins to walk.
- cycle
- A series of events or actions that repeat themselves regularly; a physical and/or chemical process in which one material continually changes locations and/or forms.
- digestive system
- The structures in the body that work together to transform the energy and materials in food into forms the body can use.
- DNA
- A genetic material called Deoxyribonucleic acid found in living cells that contains the information needed for an organism to grow, maintain itself, and reproduce
- antibiotic
- A medicine that can block the growth and reproduction of bacteria.
- hormone
- A chemical that is made in one organ and travels through the blood to another organ.
- epidermis
- The outer layer of the skin
- bacteria
- A large group of one-celled organisms that sometimes cause disease.
- gland
- An organ in the body that produces a specific substance, such as a hormone.
- classification
- A systematic grouping of different types of organisms by their shared characteristics.
- digestion
- The process of breaking down food into usable materials.
- autonomic nervous system
- The part of the nervous system that controls involuntary action and responses.
- endocrine system
- A group of organs called glands and the hormones they produce that help regulate conditions inside the body.
- adaptation
- A characteristic, or behavior, or any inherited trait that makes a species able to survive and reproduce in a particular environment.
- data
- Information gathered by observation or experimentation that can be used in calculating or reasoning.
- circulatory system
- The group of organs, consisting of the heart and blood vessels, that circulate blood through the body.
- blood
- A fluid in the body that delivers oxygen and other materials to cells and removes carbon dioxide and other wastes.
- adolescence
- The stage of life from the time a human body begins to mature sexually to adulthood.
- antigen
- A particular substance the body recognizes as a foreign material.
- childhood
- The stage of life after infancy and before the beginning of sexual maturity.
- energy
- The ability to do work or to cause a change.
- cellular respiration
- A process in which cells use oxygen to release energy stored in sugars.
- addiction
- A physical or psychological need for a habit-forming substance, such as alcohol or drugs.
- atom
- The smallest particle of an element that has the chemical properties of the element.
- capillary
- A narrow blood vessel that connects arteries with veins.
- element
- A substance that cannot be broken down into simpler substance by ordinary chemical changes. An element consists of atoms of only one type.
- immunity
- Resistance to a disease. Immunity can result from antibodies formed in the body during a previous attack of the same illness.
- cell
- The smallest unit that is able to preform the basic functions of life.
- hypothesis
- A tentative explanation for an observation or phenomenon.
- appendicular skeleton
- The bones of the skeleton that function to allow movement, such as arm and leg bones.
- immune system
- A group of organs that provides protetion against disease-causing agents.
- density
- The property of matter representing the mass per unit volume.
- dermis
- The inner layer of the skin.
- adulthood
- The stage of life that begins once a human completes its growth and reaches sexual maturity.
- cardiac muscle
- The muscle that makes up the heart.
- compound
- A substance made up of two or more different types of atoms bonded together.
- fertilization
- Part of the process of sexual reproduction in which a male reproductive cell and a female reproductive cell combine to form a new cell that can develop into a new organism.
- genetic material
- The nucleic acid DNA that is present in all living cells and contains the information needed for a cell's growth, maintenence, and reproduction.
- environment
- Everything that surrounds a living thing. It's made up of both living and non-living factors.
- artery
- A blood vessel with strong walls that carries blood away from the heart.
- central nervous system
- The brain and the spinal cord. The central nervous system communicates with the rest of the nervous system through electrical signals sent to and from neurons.
- integumentary system
- The body system that includes the skin and its assosiated structures.
- homeostasis
- A condition needed for health and functioning in which an organism or cell maintains a relatively stable internal environment
- fetus
- The developing human embryo from about eight weeks to birth.
- compact bone
- The tough, hard outer layer of a bone.
- axial skeleton
- The central part of the skeleton, which includes the cranium, the spinal column, and the ribs.
- experiment
- An organized procedure to study something under controlled conditions
- antibody
- A protein produced by some white blood cells to attack specific foreign materials.
- embryo
- A multicellular organism, plant, or animal, in its earliest stages of development.