2nd part Science Exam
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- When you breathe, your lungs take in oxygen and remove _____.
- carbon dioxide
- Cell respiration ivolves supplying your body's cells with ____.
- oxygen
- The ___ is a tubelike passageway for both food and air.
- pharynx
- Within the lungs, the exchange of oxygen and carbin dioxide occurs between the ___ and the capillaries.
- alveoli
- The ___ prevents food or liquid from entering your trachea.
- epiglottis
- People whose ___ don't work may have to undergo dialysis.
- kidneys
- When urinary organs don't work, this does not occur
- homeostasis
- A disorder of the lungs called ___ is often an allergic reaction.
- asthma
- ___ in cigarette smoke is the greatest contributor to lung cancer.
- tar
- The main excretory organs of your body are the large intestine, kidney, lungs, and ___.
- skin
- The organs of your urinary system are ___ organs.
- excretory
- A tube called the ___ leads from the bladder to the outside of the body.
- urethra
- The amount of water in blood is important except in maintaining ____.
- normal blood presure
- An atom's nucleus contains ___.
- protons and neutrons
- A chemical formula shows the kinds and number of atoms that form a ___.
- compound
- Organic compounds that store important coded information in cells are ___.
- nucleic acids
- The function of the selectively permeable cell ___ is to allow some things to pass through it but not others,
- membrane
- Bacteria are taken into cells by ___.
- endocytosis
- Organic comounds are compounds that always contain __.
- carbon
- ___ are organic compounds made of sugars and starches
- Carbohhydrates
- __ are organic compounds that store energy.
- lipids
- In a ____, substances mix evenly with other substances.
- solution
- The movements of large molecules through the cell membrane out of the cell is called ____.
- exocytosis
- If the movement if molecules requires ATP energy, it is ___.
- active transport
- Most of the life of any cell is spent in a period of cell growth and development called ___.
- interphase
- Only animals have spindle fibers during ___.
- mitosis
- ___ is not composed of body cells.
- sperm
- Each human skin cell has ___ pairs of chromosomes
- 23
- Human sex cells have ___ individual chromosomes.
- 23
- In sexual reproduction, a new organism is produced when ____.
- sex cells combine
- By ___, a new organism can grow from just a part of the parent organism .
- regeneration
- In ___, a new organism grows from the body of the parents organism.
- budding
- The number of chromosomes in a sex cell of an organism is its ___ chromosome number.
- haploid
- Meiosis consists of ___ divisions of the nucleus.
- two
- At the end of meiosis, ___ cells have been produced from one cell.
- four
- Protein are made of units called, ____ wich are linked together in a specific order.
- amino acids
- The code for making proteins is carried to the ribosomes by ___.
- mRNA
- In DNAm adenine always pairs with ____.
- thymine
- Most carbon dioxide enters plants through stomata on the __.
- lower surface of leaves
- Light, ___, and carbon dioxide all affect the opening and closing of stomata.
- water
- The plant hormone that causes stomata to close and that helps plants respond to water loss is ___.
- abscisic acid
- The autumn colors of tree leaves are due to ___ in the leaves.
- pigment
- Light energy for the plant to use in making its food is trapped by ___.
- chlorophyll
- The type of growth response having to do with light is called ___.
- photoperiodism
- ___ causes fruit to ripen.
- Ethylene gas
- Plants that require short night to flower are called ___ plants.
- long-day
- Most of the life in any cell is spent in a period of growth and development called ___.
- interphase
- In a punnett squarem, a capital letter (T) stands for a ____ allele.
- dominant
- The combination Tt represents a ____ genotye.
- heterozygous
- Experiments with four o'clock flowers produced examples of ___ dominance
- incomplete
- Blood type is an example of ___.
- multiple alleles
- Color blindness is an example of ___.
- a sex-linked disorder
- Genetic engineering has already helped people by _____.
- producing medicine
- Through recombinant DNA, scientists have been able to ___.
- improve tomatoes.