Gastrointestinal system
Terms
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- what is an adhesion?
- internal scar tissue from previous surgeries or disease processes
- what is appendicitis?
- inflammation of the veriform appendix
- what is ascites?
- abnormal accumulation of fluid in the peritoneal cavity
- what is a calculus?
- Concentration of mineral salts in the body leading to the formation of stone.
- what is cholecystitis?
- inflammation of the gallbladder
- what is cholelithiasis?
- presence of gallstones or calculi in the gallbladder
- what is chyme?
- acidid, semi-fluid paste found in the gastrointestinal tract
- what is cirrhosis?
- chronic degenerative changes in the liver cells and thickening of surrounding tissue
- what is a colostomy?
- surgically created opening from the colon through the abdominal wall
- what is constipation?
- condition charactorized by hard, infrequent stools that are difficult or painful to pass
- what is digestion?
- mechanical and chemical processes that convert nutruiets into a physically absorbable state
- what is diverticula?
- sac-like protrusion of the intestinal wall that results when the mucosa herniates through the bowel wall
- what is effluent?
- liquid out-put from an ileostomy
- what is a gastric ulcer?
- erosion in the stomach
- what is gastritis?
- inflammation of the stomach mucosa
- what is glycogenesis?
- conversion of glucose into glycogen
- what is glycogenolysis?
- conversion of glycogen into glucose
- what is haustra?
- Sac-like pouches of the colon
- what is hematemesis?
- vomiting of blood
- what is a hemorrhoid?
- swollen vascular tissue in the rectal area
- what is hepatitis?
- chronic or acute inflammation of the liver
- what is an ileostomy?
- opening created in the small intestine at the ileum specific signs and symptoms of an infectious agent
- what is intussusception?
- telescoping of one part of the intestine into another
- what is jaundice?
- yellow discoloration of the skin, sclera, mucoous membranes and body fluids that occurs when the liver is unable to fully remove bilirubin from the blood
- what is ligation?
- application of a band or tie around a structure
- what is melena?
- stool containing partially broken down blood; usually black, sticky and tar-like
- what is an occult blood test? guiac?
- test for microscopic blood done on the stool
- what is pancreatitis?
- acute or chronic inflammation of the pancreas
- what is a peptic ulcer?
- erosion formed in the esophagus, stomach or duodenum resulting from acid/pepsin imbalance
- what is peristalsis?
- coordinated rhythmic, serial contraction of the smooth muscles of the gastrointestinal tract.
- what is peritonitis?
- inflammation of the peritoneum, the membranous covering of the abdomen
- what is a polyp?
- abnormal growth of tissue
- what is postprandial?
- after eating
- what is steatorrhea?
- fatty stool
- what is a stoma?
- surgical opening between a cavity and the surface of the body
- what is stomatitis?
- inflammation of the oral mucosa
- what is a volvulus?
- twisting of a bowel on itself