Anatomy Chapter 10E: Muscles of the Pelvic Region and Thigh
Terms
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- Iliopsoas
- Composite muscle consisting of iliacus and psoas major. Prime mover in thigh flexion. Fills anterior hip bone.
- Iliacus
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Lateral portion of iliopsoas. Fan-shaped, fills anterior hip bone.
O: iliac fossa and crest, lateral sacrum
I: lesser trochanter & below on femur via iliopsoas tendon
A: prime mover of thigh flexion and trunk flexion (bowing) - Psoas Major
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Longer, thicker, more medial muscle of the iliopsoas ("Tenderloin")
O: transverse processes/bodies/discs of lumbar vertebrae and T12
I: lesser trochanter of femur via iliopsoas tendon
A: Prime mover in flexion of thigh, flexion of trunk (bowing) - Sartorius
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Straplike superficial muscle running obliquely across anterior surface from thigh to knee
O: anterior superior iliac spine
I: medial aspect of proximal tibia via long tendon
A: Flexes, abducts, and laterally rotates thigh - Adductors
- Large muscle mass consisting of 3 muscles (magnus, longus, brevis) forming medial aspect of thigh. Adduction, flexion, and medial rotation of thigh.
- Adductor Magnus
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Composite triangular muscle of inner thigh.
O: ischial and pubic rami, ischial tuberosity
I: linea aspera and adductor tubercle of femur
A: adduction and medial rotation of thigh - Adductor Longus
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Muscle overlying the middle aspect of the adductor magnus. Most superficial/anterior of adductor muscles.
O: near pubic symphysis of pubis
I: linea aspera of femur
A: adduction, flexion, and medial rotation of thigh - Adductor Brevis
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Small muscle of inner thigh mostly concealed by adductor longus and pectineus.
O: Body and inferior ramus of pubis
I: linea aspera of femur above adductor longus
A: adducts and medially rotates thigh - Pectineus
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Short, flat muscle overlying the adductor brevis on the proximal thigh
O: superior ramus of pubis
I: lesser trochanter to linea aspera of femur
A: adducts, flexes, and medially rotates thigh - Gracilis
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Long, thin, superficial muscle on most medial aspect of thigh.
O: inferior ramus and body of pubis, ischial ramus
I: medial surface of tibia inferior to medial condyle
A: Adducts, flexes, and medially rotates thigh - Quadriceps Femoris
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Flesh of the front and sides of the thigh sharing a common insertion tendon.
Consists of four separate heads: rectus femoris, vastus lateralis, vastus medialis, vastus intermedius.
Knee extensor and joint strengthener. - Rectus Femoris
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Most superficial quad, running straight down the thigh. Blatantly bipennate.
O: anterior inferior iliac spine and superior margin of acetabulum
I: patella and tibial tuberosity via patellar ligament
A: knee extensor, thigh flexor (at hip) - Vastus Lateralis
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Largest and most lateral quad, forms the lateral aspect of the thigh.
O: greater trochanter, intertrochanteric line, and linea aspera of femur
I: patella and tibial tuberosity via patellar ligament
A: Extends and stabilizes knee - Vastus Medialis
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Deep, medial quad. (Deep and medial to rectus femoris)
O: linea aspera and intertrochanteric line of femur
I: patella and tibial tuberosity via patellar ligament
A: extends knee - Vastus Intermedius
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Deep quad obscured by rectus femoris. Lies between vastus lateralis and medialis on anterior thigh.
O: anterior/lateral surfaces of proximal femur shaft
I: patella and tibial tuberosity via patellar ligament
A: extends knee - Tensor Fasciae Latae
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Muscle enclosed between fascia layers of anterolateral aspect of thigh. Tendon sheet tensor.
O: anterior aspect of iliac crest and anterior superior iliac spine
I: ITB/fascia latae
A: flexes and abducts thigh (iliopsoas and gluteus min/max synergist) - Fasciae Lata / Ileotibial Band (ITB)
- Fascia that ensheathes all the muscles of the thigh. Extends as a tendinous band from the iliac crest to the knee.
- Gluteous Medius
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Thick muscle largely covered by the gluteus maximus. Covers posterior hip bone.
O: between anterior and posterior gluteal lines on lateral surface of ilium.
I: by short tendon to lateral aspect of greater trochanter of femur
A: abducts and medially rotates thigh - Piriformis
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Pyramidal muscle located on posterior aspect of hip joint, inferior to gluteus minimus.
O: anterolateral surface of sacrum (opposite of greater sciatic notch)
I: superior border of greater trochanter of femur
A: rotates thigh laterally when extended - Hamstrings
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Fleshy muscles of the posterior thigh that act in thigh extension and knee flexion.
Biceps femoris, semimembranous, semitendinosus - Biceps Femoris
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Most lateral hamstring
O: iscial tuberosity
I: head of fibula and lateral condyle of tibia via common tendon
A: extension of thigh, flexion of knee - Semitendinosus
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Hamstring medial to the biceps femoris. Long, slender, superficial to semimembranous.
O: ischial tuberosity
I: medial aspect of upper tibial shaft
A: extension of thigh at hip, flexion of knee - Semimembranosus
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Broad muscle deep to semitendinosus. Most medial hamstring.
O: ischial tuberosity
I: medial condyle of tibia
A: extension of thigh, flexion of knee - Gluteus Maximus
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Largest and most superficial of gluteus muscles. Form bulk of buttock mass.
O: dorsal ilium, sacrum, and coccyx
I: gluteal tuberosity of femur
A: major extensor of thigh