Anatomy 1 - Pelvic Girdle & Leg Muscles
Terms
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Iliacus -
Origin: Iliac fossa
Insertion: Femur distal to lesser trochanter of femur
Action: Flexion at hip -
Psoas Major -
Origin: Anterior surfaces and transverse processes of vertebrae T12-L5
Insertion: Lesser trochanter in company with iliacus
Action: Flexion at hip and/or lumbar intervertebral joints -
Pectineus -
Origin: Superior ramus of pubis
Insertion: Pectineal line inferior to lesser trochanter of femur
Action: Flexion, medial rotation, and adduction at hip -
Adductor longus -
Origin: Inferior ramus of pubis, anterior to adductor brevis
Insertion: Linea aspera of femur
Action: Adduction, flexion, and medial rotation at hip -
Adductor magnus -
Origin: Inferior ramus of pubis, posterior to adductor brevis and ischial tuberosity
Insertion: Linea aspera and adductor tubercle of femur
Action: (Whole) adduction at hip;(Anterior) flexion & medial rotation;(Posterior) extension & lateral rotation -
Gracilis -
Origin: Inferior ramus of pubis
Insertion: Medial surface of tibia inferior to medial condyle
Action: Flexion at knee; adduction and medial rotation at hip -
Sartorius -
Origin: Anterior superior iliac spine
Insertion: Medial surface of tibia near tibial tuberosity
Action: Flexion at knee; flexion and lateral rotation at hip -
Quadriceps femoris group: Rectus femoris -
Origin: Anterior inferior iliac spine and superior acetabular rim of ilium
Insertion: Tibial tuberosity via patellar tendon
Action: Extension at knee; flexion at hip -
Quadriceps femoris group: Vastus lateralis -
Origin: Anterior and inferior to greater trochanter of femur and along linea aspera (proximal half)
Insertion: Tibial tuberosity via patellar tendon
Action: Extension at knee -
Quadriceps femoris group: Vastus medialis -
Origin: Entire length of linea aspera of femur
Insertion: Tibial tuberosity via patellar tendon
Action: Extension at knee -
Quadriceps femoris group: Vastus intermedius -
Origin: Anterolateral surface of femur and linea aspera (distal half)
Insertion: Tibial tuberosity via patellar tendon
Action: Extension at knee -
Semimembranosus -
Origin: Ischial tuberosity
Insertion: Posterior surface of medial condyle of tibia
Action: Flexion at knee; extension and medial rotation at hip -
Semitendinosus -
Origin: Ischial tuberosity
Insertion: Proximal, medial surface of tibia near insertion of gracilis
Action: Flexion at knee; extension and medial rotation at hip -
Biceps femoris -
Origin: Ischial tuberosity and linea aspera of femur
Insertion: Head of fibula, lateral condyle of tibia
Action: Flexion at knee; extension and lateral rotation at hip -
Gluteus maximus -
Origin: Iliac crest, porterior gluteal line, and lateral surface of ilium; sacrum, coccyx, and lumbodorsal fascia
Insertion: Illiotibial tract and gluteal tuberosity of femur
Action: Extension and lateral rotation at hip; helps stabilize the extended knee -
Gluteus medius -
Origin: Anterior Iliac crest, lateral surface of ilium between posterior and anterior lines
Insertion: Greater trochanter of femur
Action: Abduction and medial rotation at hip -
Tensor fasciae latae -
Origin: Iliac crest and lateral surface of anterior superior iliac spine
Insertion: Iliotibial tract
Action: Flexion and medial rotation at hip; tenses fasciae latae, which laterally supports knee -
Gastrocnemius -
Origin: Femoral condyles
Insertion: Calcaneus via calcaneal tendon
Action: Plantar flexion at ankle; inversion; flexion at knee -
Soleus -
Origin: Head and proximal shaft of fibula, and adjacent posteromedial shaft of tibia
Insertion: Calcaneus via calcaneal tendon (with gastrocnemius)
Action: Plantar flexion at ankle; postural muscle when standing -
Tibialis anterior -
Origin: Lateral condyle and proximal shaft of tibia
Insertion: Base of 1st metatarsal bone and medial cuneiform bone
Action: Dorsiflexion at ankle; inversion of foot -
Peroneus longus (aka Fibularis longus) -
Origin: Head and proximal shaft of fibula
Insertion: Base of 1st metatarsal bone and medial cuneiform bone
Action: Eversion of foot and plantar flexion at ankle; supports ankle; supports longitudinal arch -
Extensor digitorum longus -
Origin: Lateral condyle of tibia, anterior surface of fibula
Insertion: Superior surfaces of phalanges, toes 2-5
Action: Extension of toes 2-5; dorsiflexes ankle; everts foot