Living Anatomy Ch 6 Forearm, Wrist & Hand
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- Where is the Pisiform?
- Base of hypothenar eminence on medial side.
- Wheree is Extensor Carpi Radialis Longus & Brevis?
- Attaches to lateral epicondyl of humerus, run to the base of metacarpals 2 & 3 on the dorsal surface.
- Where is the Extensor Carpi Ulnaris?
- Attaches to lateral epicondyle, crosses the wrist on its way to the base of the fifth metacarpal.
- Where is Flexor Digitorum Superficialis and what does it do?
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Flexes digits, runs btwn medial epicondyle of humerus and proximal anterior shaft of ulna and radius in intermediate phalanx of medial 4 digits via separate tendons.
Make fist, feel tendons medial to palmaris longus, lateral to flexor carpi ulnaris - Where is the Extensor Digitorum?
- Attaches at the lateral epicondyle of humerus. Runs to distal phalanx of medial four digits.
- Where is Extensor Indicis?
- Runs from distal shaft of ulna to distal phalanx of 2nd digit. Extends index finger.
- Where is Extensor Pollicis Longus & Brevis?
- Two tendons of snuff box, from the dorsal radius and the ulna of the forearm to the dorsal thumb.
- Reposition of the Thumb?
- Return from opposition...hand opens back up.
- Where is Extensor Digiti Minimi
- Small muscle lies slightly medial to extensor digitorum. Extends little finger
- What 3 muscles make up the Hypothenar Eminence?
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Abductor Digiti Minimi
Flexor Digiti Minimi Brevis
Opponens Digiti Minimi - Where are the Interphalangeal Joints?
- Formed by the articulation of two phalanxes. Each digit has two (x thumb)
- Where is Abductor Pollicis Longus?
- Btwn dorsal radius and ulna in middle of forearm to base of thumb. Just off center from thenar eminance
- Where is Flexor Pollicis Longus?
- Deep muscle of forearm, runs from dorsal radius to distal phalanx of thumb
- What 4 muscles make up Thenar Eminence?
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Opponens Pollicis
Adbustor Pollicis Brevis
Flexor Pollicis Brevis
Adductor Pollicis - What 2 Anterior extrinsic muscles of the hand flex fingers?
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Flexor Digitorum Superficialis
Flexor Digitorum Profundus - Where does the arcitulation btwn the wrist and forearm occur?
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As the radius contacts the eight carpal bones of the wrist.
Proximal carpal row joins the wrist to the forearm
Distal row joins the wrist to the fingers. - Where dos the radius articulate?
- The radius articulates w/the proximal carpal row, except for the pisiform bone.
- What makes up the Proximal Carpal Row?
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Moving from lateral to medial: scaphoid, lunate, triquetrum & pisiform
Triquetrum articulates w/radius - What makes up the Distal Carpal Row?
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Anteriorly, from lateral to medially:
Trapezium
Trapezoid
Capitate
Hamate - Which bones make up the Phalanges & what do they articulate with?
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Phalanx
They articulate w/metacarpals. - Where is the Hamate?
- Distal and lateral to the pisiform. Has a protrusion
- Where is the Scaphoid?
- The lateral carpal of the proximal row in the anatomical snuff box.
- What type of joint is the wrist joint and what does it articulate with?
- Biaxial joint formed by the articulation of the radius and scaphoid, lunate and triquetrum.
- Where are the Carpometacarpal Joints?
- Distal carpal row articulates w/5 metacarpals, forming the carpometacarpal joint.
- Where are the Metacarpophalangeal Joints?
- Knuckles are found where the metacarpals meet the phalanges and represent biaxial joints (x thumb-uniaxial)
- What is Radial Deviation of the wrist?
- Abductionn at the wrist. A rotation away from the body..toward the lateral side.
- What is Ulnar deviation of the wrist?
- Adduction at the wrist. Movement toward the body in frontal plane (medially)
- What is Abduction of Digits? Adduction?
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Abduction: When digits are spread (3rd digit abducts no matter which way because any movement is a move away from the mid.
Adduction: Digits are closed - Abduction of the Thumb?
- Movement away from and anterior to the second digit
- Adduction of the thumb?
- Movement toward the second digit and posterior to the second digit
- Flexion of the Thumb?
- Movement across the palm
- Extension of the Thumb?
- Hitchhiking move...outward flex
- Opposition of the Thumb?
- Thumb closes on fingers...shadowboxing move!
- What do all the flexors of the wrist have in common?
- The have a common proximal attachment at the medial epicondyle of the humerus.
- Where is the Flexor Carpi Radialis?
- Attaches at medial epicondyle, courses down the anterior arm and crosses the wrist on the radial side. Distal attachment of at base of metacarpals 2 & 3.
- Where is the Palmaris Longus?
- Attaches at medial epicondyle, crosses wrist in sagittal plane, has a distal attachment at the palmar aponeurosis
- Where is the Flexor Carpi Ulnaris?
- Attaches at medial epicondyle, is medial to palmaris. Runs along the anterior ulna to cross the wrist and attach to the pisiform
- What is the common attachment for the Wrist Extensors?
- Lateral epicondylar ridge and epicondyle of humerus.