Oral Pathology, Cysts

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What is a cyst?: A cavity usually filled with fluid that is lined with epithelium
What is a cavity that is filled with fluid with no epithelium?: Pseudocyst
What must be present for a cyst to develop?: Epithelium
What is the most common epithelium in the periodontal ligament?: Epithelium "rests of mallaze" (the portion of the tooth bud that is responsible for the root sheath
What stimulates cyst formation?: Inflammation
What is metaplasia?: Changing form one cell type to more resistant cell type
What is an odontogenic cyst?: Developmental cyst (fissural cysts); the epithelium comes from some component of the developing tooth bud.
What is the most common radiographic pathology in dental hygiene?: Periapical pathology
What is an abcess?: A localized process; acute inflammation due to a non-vital pulp that becomes necrotic, then the tissue starts to drain out of the apex which leads to pus formation.
What does pus cause the bone to do?: It is acidic which causes the bone to demineralize which provides more space for the pus to form.
Fill in the blank: SInce there is no more stimuli at the apex when there is an abcess, the body tries to heal with ______________: Dental granuloma; granulation tissue
What is the most common intraoral cyst?: Radicular cyst (periapical cyst): due to pulpal pathology, which usually results in a non-vital tooth; (the epithelial lining probably results from Rests of Malassez)
What are the clinical manifestations of a radicular cyst?: The cyst may resemble a periapical abcess or dental granuloma ( inflammed granulation tissue with no epithelium).
The treatment would be endo, apicoectomy, or an extraction with a bony curretage.
What happens if the cyst becomes re-infected?: The cycle of inflammation continues
If cancer spreads to the nodes of the same side it is called? other? both sides?: same= ipsilateral
other side= contralateral
both sides= bilateral (worse prognosis)
What is sclerotic opaque?: A white line surrounding radiolucency; it implies that the body is trying to contain the disease in the area.
T/F An abcess will try to drain through the least resistant path.: True statement
What is a fistula?: A canal through which infection drains or pus has made its way through tissue and bone in attempts to drain.
A radicular cyst which remains after tooth extraction: Residual cyst
Statement: order of occurance: Abcess> dental granuloma> radicular cyst
What is Ludwig's agina?: Infection of the paraphayngeal spaces that an be caused by an abcessed tooth
What can result if odontogenic cysts are left untreated?: If it is located on the maxillary: death from cavernous sinus thrombosus.
mandibular:death from Ludwig's agina
What is the second most common odontogenic cyst?: dentigerous cyst (follicular cyst)
what is a dentigerous cyst?: A cyst that surrounds the crown of an unerupted tooth. It results when the epithelium lining develops from reduced enamel epithelium
What are the clinical manifestations of a dentigerous cyst?: The cyst attaches at the cementoenamel junction (CEJ), Unilocular radiolucency is evident with well- defined margins. Increased risk of neoplasm if left untreated.
What is the most common location of a dentigerous cyst?: mandibular third molar.
Treatment; if tooth erupts or is removed cyst will no longer exist
Name the cyst that develops in place of a missing tooth.: Primordial cyst.
What causes a primordial cyst?: When the epithelial lining develops from remnants of the enamel organ. it usually has a unilocular radiolucency. Surgical removal is recommended
What is a soft tissue cyst?: An eruption cyst. (pseudocyst)
The cause for this cyst is a hematoma in the path of eruption.: eruption cyst. Usually litle or no epithelial lining is evident; fluid buildup is found in the path of eruption between the crown and soft tissue.
This cyst can only occur once the crown of an unerupted tooth has gone through the aveolar.: Eruption cyst,or false cyst, pseudocyst
all of these terms mean the same thing.
What sport in the US accounts for the most oral trauma?: Bicycle riding. It is a sport that almost anyone can participate in.
what is a lateral periodontal cyst?: A unilocular or multiocular lucency usually located in the mandibular premolar area on the lateral aspect of the tooth, caused by epithelial rests in the PDL. The treatment is surgical removal.
This cyst is formed as a result of epithelium from rests of Cerci (remnants of dental lamina: stalk): GIngival cyst. There is no pain. Soft tissue swelling usually located on the attached gingiva.
Name the cyst that is a painless, fluid-filled nodule on the surface and you will not see on a radiograph.: Gingival cyst. If the tooth is vital you know it is a gingival cyst.
Name the most significant and most aggressive odontogenic cyst.: Odontogenic Keratocyst.
What is an odontogenic keratocyst?: It is caused from the epithelial remnants of odontogenic apparatus. it produces keratin, aspiration yields a straw colored fluid; is locally aggressive with a high recurrence rate; and may be indicative of Basal Cell Nevus Syndrome.
Name characteristics of the odontogenic keratocyst.: Epithelium has its own growth potential, has a tendency to develop multiple daughter cysts in the fibrous connective capsule (wall of cysts)
What is the oral manisfestations of basil carcinoma?: Multiple OKC's
Statement!!!!: Orthokeratin: no nuclei
Parakeratin: with nuclei
Hypertelorism implies what?: Widely spaced eyes
Name the disorder: Frontal bossing, hypertelorism, sores on the face, multiple OKC's w/ multiocular radiolucency , 3rd molars are located in the TMJ, pits in the hands and feet.: The patient had Basil cell nevuus syndrome
A patient with Basil cell Nevus syndrome has the tendency for what in their genetic code?: To develop OKC's and skin cancer. It is an autozomal dominant (males and females are equally affected), not on the sex chromosome. Very low chance of metacisizing.
This type of cancer looks as if a rodent took a bite out of the patient.: Basil cell carcinoma, also called rodent ulcer. Multiple OKC's are the first signs of this type of cancer.
What is a non-odontogenic cyst?: Also called developmenal or fissured cyst. The epithelium does not come from tooth forming apparatus.
A unilocular radiolucency in the midline of the palate.: Median palatal cyst. Results from epithelial rests from fusion of palatal shelves. Shows up as radiolucency only if the bone is destroyed
The etiology is the epithelium from the rests of nasopalatine duct, located more anteriorly than the medial palatal cyst.: Nasopalatine duct cyst( cyst of the incisive canal).
This cyst is frequently heart-shaped due to the superimposed anterior nasal spine. It does not have to have teeth involved: Nasopalatal duct cyst
What cyst has a unilocular radiolucency in the mandibular midline caused from the epithelium from the rests of the mandibular process. surgical removal: Median mandibular cyst
This cyst only develops in the maxilla between the lateral incisors and the canines. It has an inverted pear-shaped unilocular radiolucency: Globulomaxillary cyst. Epithelium from the fusion rests or odontogenic rests. Causes divergence of roots and convergence of crowns. May exhibit fluctuant soft tissue swelling of the gingiva.
A soft tissue cyst in the midline of the neck or posterior portion of the tongue. The etiology is epithelium from the remnants of the thyroglossal duct (tract): Thyroglossal duct cyst. Surgical removal recommended. Feels like fluid in the midline.
What is a brachial cleft cyst (lymphoepithelial cyst)?: A soft tissue cyst in the lateral neck area, anterior to the sternocleidomastiod muscle.
A yellowish nodule frequently found on the ventral side of the tongue and floor of the mouth are the oral manifestations of this type of cyst.: Brachial cleft cyst, epthelium is trapped rests of brachal clefts. Surgical removal for treatment.
what is a dermoid cyst?: A soft tissue cyst usually found on the floor of the mouth; contains tissue derived from the ectoderm, mesoderm, and /or endoderm. Etiology; pleuripotential cells.
This cyst contains epthelium, salivary gland tissue and adipose tissue (meso) cardiac (meso) and brain tissue.: Dermoid cyst
A soft tissue cyst usually found in the floor of the mouth; contains only tissue derived from the ectoderm. Trapped epithelium or pleuripotential cells.: Epidermoid cyst.
What is a nasolabial cyst?: A soft tissue cyst in the nasolabial/maxillary canine area. Epithelium trapped in the fusion line of the maxillary labial processes. Soft swelling inferior and lateral to the alae.
A pseudocyst of bone with no epithelial lining. Caused by trauma. Unilocular or muliocular lucency that scallops between and around the roots.: Simple bone cyst.
What is the treatment for the simple bone cyst?: Currette walls of cavity to stimulate bleeding then close it up.
This is a defect, nothing is there. a pseudocyst. No bony cavity evident, only thinning of the mandible.: Stafne cyst. A unilocular, well-defined lucency inferior to the mandibular canal. No treatment, only an anatomical variation
A pseudocyst of bone with no epithelial lining, considered to be from trauma, a multilocullar or honey-combed lucency.: Aneurysmal bone cyst. Histology of blood-filled cavities with peripheral multinucleated giant cells
Diagnostic hint for the Stafne cyst.: This cyst will always be below the mandibular canal, no other cyst will be found there.
Oral pathology cysts: Cysts

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