Am Gov: Chapters 1,2, and 21
Terms
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- the power tomake law and to frame public policies
- legislative power
- the power to execute, enforce, and administer law
- executive power
- the power to interpret laws, to determine their meaning, and to settle disputes that arise within the society
- judicial power
- the ultimate responsibility for the exercise of powers is held by a single person or by a small group
- dictatorship
- when the exercise of powers rests with a majority of the people
- democracy
- What are the four characteristics of a state?
- population, territory, sovereignty, and government
- a supreme rule and absolute power within its own territory and can decide its own foreigh and domestic policies
- sovereign
- English phillosopher that concluded, "Without government.... life would be solitary, poor, nasty, brutish, and short."
- Thomas Hobbes
- Believed men are by nature, free, equal, and independent. Wrote two tratises onn the government discussing the responsibilities of the government.
- John Locke
- a member of a nation
- citizen
- someone who is not a citizen but is here legally or illegally
- alien
- The new organization in charge of citizenship and immigration.
- USCIS
- What are three theories on government?
- force, evolution, divine right
- Developed Locke's ideas further, people have obligation to overthrow unfair governments.
- Rousseau
- The people pick a legislative body and legislative picks one of themselves to be prime minister.
- Parlimentary system
- Pick legislative and executive branch separately.
- Presidential system.
- A centralized government, all powers held by the government belong to a single central agency.
- unitary government
- A government where the powers are divided between a central government and several local governments.
- federal government
- An alliance of independent states. The states hold most of the power.
- confederation
- An economic system characterized by the private ownership of capital goods.
- free enterprise system
- An economy in which private enterprise exists in combination with a considerable amount of government regulation and promotion.
- mixed economy
- The ideas that government is not all-powerful. Individual rights.
- limited government
- The idea that the government should serve the will of the pople.
- representative government
- 1215 English Document that was signed by King John.
- Magna Carta
- What were some fundamental rights gaurunteed by the Magna Carta?
- trial by jury, due process of law, no arbitraty taking of life liberty or property
- 1628 document signed by Charles I.
- Petition of Right
- What was primised under the petition of right?
- Limited kings power and outlawed martial law or forced quartering of troops.
- The document signed by William and Mary in 1688
- The English Bill of Rights
- What was promised under the English Bill of Rights?
- No standing army in peacetime, free parlimentary elections, right to a fair trial, no excessive bail or cruel and unusual punishments.
- A written grant of authority from the king.
- charter
- A two house legislature?
- bicameral
- Colonies organized by a person to whom the king had made a grant of land.
- proprietary
- A one house legistlautre
- unicameral
- Which states had bicameral and unicameral legislatures.
- Maryland and Deleware bi-, Pennsylvania, uni-
- A joining of several groups for a common purpose.
- confederation
- What did the Albany plan include?
- The formation of an annual congress of representatives that would have the power to carry out the countries affairs.
- A convention in New York that drafted the Declaration of Rights and Grievances.
- The Stamp Act Congress
- A convention in Philidelphia that protested the intollerable act and drafted a Declaration of rights to King George III.
- The first Continental Congress
- A convential in Phillidelphia that met after the Revolution had begun.
- The Second Contintal Congress
- The principle that government can only exist with the consent of the governed.
- popular sovereignty
- Precursor to the constitution.
- Articles of confederation
- The member of congress chosen to be president each year by congress under the articles of confederation.
- presiding officer
- What were some weaknesses of the articles of confederation?
- The congress did not have the power to tax, regulate trade, or make the states obey the articles of the confederation.
- Called for a bicameral legilature with the number of state legislatures based on state size.
- Virgina plan
- Unicameral legislature that wanted equal state representation.
- New Jersery Plan
- Compromise that agreed to have a 2 house legislature with one house represented based on size and one house with two from each state.
- The Conneticut Compromise/ The Great Compromise
- The group that favored ratifying the constitution.
- federalists
- The group opposed to ratifying the constitution
- the anit-fedralists
- Which was the first state to ratify?
- Delaware
- Which was the last state to ratify?
- New York
- A majority
- quorum
- Tyranical king forced to sign the magna carta.
- King John
- King and Queen that ushered in the "glorious revolution"
- William and Marry
- The practice the British practiced of mainly leaving Americans alone.
- Salutary Neglect