SS Mid-term Review Vocab
Terms
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- Tidewater
- a region of flat, low-lying plains along the seacoast
- subsistense farming
- farming in which only enough foodto feed one's family is produced
- ordinance
- a law or regulation
- triangular trade
- a trade route that exchanged goods between the West Indies, the American colonies, and West Africa
- overseer
- person who supervises a large operation or its workers
- civilization
- a highly developed culture, usually with organized religions and laws
- constitution
- a formal plan of government
- diversity
- variety or difference
- archaeology
- the study of ancient peoples
- mercenary
- paid soldier who serves in the army of a foreign country
- executive branch
- the branch of government, headed by the president, that carries out the nation's laws and policies
- biacarmel
- consisting of two houses, or chambers, especially in a legislature
- Enlightenment
- movement during the 1700s that spread the idea that knowledge, reason, and science could improve society
- speculator
- person who risks money in order to make a large profit
- writs of assistance
- legal document that enabled officiers to search homes and warehouses for goods that might be smuggled
- pacifist
- person opposed to the use of war or violence to settle disputs
- blockade
- cut off an area by means of troops or warships to stop supplies or people from coming in or going out; to close off a country's ports
- Separatist
- protestants who, during the 1600s, wanted to leave the Anglican Church in order to found their own churches
- charter
- a document that gives the holder the right to organize settlements in an area
- burgesses
- elected representatives to an assembly
- privateer
- armed private ship
- recruit
- to enlist soldiers in the army
- Northwest Passage
- water route to Asia through North America sought by European explorers
- militia
- a group of civilians trained to fight in emergencies
- persecute
- to treat someone harshly because of that person's beliefs or practices
- legislative branch
- the branch of government that makes the nation's laws
- nomad
- people who move from place to placce, usually in search of food or grazing land
- hieroglyphics
- an ancient form of writing using symbols and pictures to represent words, sounds, and concepts
- resolution
- a formal of expression of opinion
- carbon dating
- a scientific method used to determine the age of an artifact
- inflation
- a continuous rise in the price of goods and services
- preamble
- the introduction to a formal document, especially the Constitution
- neutral
- taking no sides in a conflict
- apprentice
- assistent who is assigned to learn the trade of a skilled craft
- cash crop
- farm crop raised to be sold for money
- repeal
- to cancel an act or law
- Ice Age
- a period of extrmely cold temperatures when part of the planet's surface was covered with massive ice sheets
- ratify
- to give official approval to
- pueblo
- home or community of homes built by Native Americans
- checks and balances
- the system in which each branch of government has a check on the other two branches so that no one branch becomes too powerful
- Iroquois Confederacy
- a powerful group of Native Americans in the eastern part of the United States made up of five nations: the Mohawk, Seneca, Cayuga, Ononondaga, and Oneida
- depreciate
- to fall in value
- compromise
- agreement between two or more sides in which each side gives up some of what it wants
- culture
- a way of life of a group of people who share similar beliefs and customs
- literacy
- the ability to read and write
- smuggling
- trading illegally with other nations
- Loyalist
- American colonist who remained loyal to Britin and opposed the war for independence
- charter colony
- colony established by a group of settlers who had been given a forml document allowin them to settle
- backcountry
- a regions of hills and forests west of the Tidewater
- depression
- a period of low economic activity and widespread unemployment
- mission
- religious settlement
- conqistador
- Spanish explorer in the Americas in the 1500s
- republic
- a government in which citizens rule through elected representatives
- proportional
- to be the same as or corresponding to
- guerrialla warfare
- a hit-and-run technique used in fighting a war; fighting by small bands of warriors using tactics such as sudden ambushes
- federation
- a type of government that links different groups together
- Pilgrim
- Separatists who journied to the colonies during the 1600s for religious purpose
- Patriots
- American colonists who were determined to fight the British until American independance was won
- artifact
- an item left behind by early people that represent their culture
- revenue
- incoming money
- viceroy
- person who rules a country or province as the representative the monarch
- import
- a good bought from foreign markets
- strait
- a narrow passageway connecting two larger bodies of water
- effigy
- rag figure representing an unpopular figure
- Puritan
- Protestants who, during the 1600s, wanted to reform the Aglican Church
- petition
- a formal request
- deserter
- soldier who runs away from battle or war
- proprietary colony
- colony run by individuals or groups to whom land was granted
- amendment
- an addition to a formal document such as the Constitution
- propaganda
- ideas or information designed and spread to influence opinion
- mosque
- a Muslim house of worship
- export
- a good sold abroad
- minutemen
- companies of civillian soldiers who boasted that they were ready to fight on a minute's notice
- merchantilism
- the theory that a state's or nation's power depended on its wealth
- debtor
- person or country that owes money
- indentured servant
- laborer who agreed to work without pay for a certain period of time in exchange for passage to America
- judicial branch
- the branch of governmet, consisting of the federal court system, that interprets the nation's laws
- Renaissance
- a period of intellectual and artistic creativty
- federalism
- the sharing of power between the federal and state governments